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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2006)03-0384-05 |
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英语辅音软腭音化和清音化制约条件的分析 |
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黄丽花1,张承平1,曾相文2 |
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（1.中南大学外国语学院,湖南长沙, 410075; 2.长沙市第十一中学,湖南长沙, 410007） |
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摘 要： 运用优选论(Optimality Theory)分析了英语软腭音化(Velarization)和清音化(Devoicing)两种辅音逆同化现象的制约条件。首先介绍了目前辅音逆同化的相关制约条件并对其进行层级排列:FAITH(onset) STAY(IV) Assim(IV) RESIST(IV)。利用上述逆同化制约条件及其层级排列,分析发音位置逆同化的双唇音化(Bilabialization)、齿音化(Dentalization)和发音方式逆同化(assimilation of manner)时可行,即能成功筛选出优选项。但是利用上述制约条件评估发音位置逆同化中的软腭音化的两个例子(quite good /kwait ud/→/kwaik ud/, that case / et
keis/→/ ek keis/)以及清音化的两个例子(five past /faiv p ast/→/faif p ast/, has to/haz t /→/has t /)时,会出现问题,即STAY(IV)淘汰优选项。为此分别提出SAME(manner)和SAME(place)两个新的制约条件代替STAY(IV),并检验了其有效性;同时证明了位置忠实性制约条件的层级要高于其它制约条件。 |
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| 关键词： 软腭音化;清音化;逆同化;优选论 |
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An analysis of the Constraints of Velarization and Devoicing of English Consonants |
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HUANG Li-hua1, ZHANG Cheng-ping1, ZENG Xiang-wen2 |
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（1. School of Foreign Languages, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China;
2. The 11thMiddle School of Changsha, Changsha 410007, China） |
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| Abstract: Based on the Optimality Theory, the Constraints of Velarization and Devoicing of English Consonants were researched. Firstly, the relative constrains(Featural faithfulness, FATTH(onset) and ASSIM(IV))were listed and ranked: FATTH(onset) STAY(IV) ASSIM(IV) RESIST(IV). The optimal candidate could be successfully output when the collection of possible candidates of Bilabialization and Dentalization in assimilation of place and assimilation of manner were evaluated. However, the same is not true when the collection of possible candidates of two example of Velarization in assimilation of place,quite good /kwait ud/→/kwaik ud/,five past/faiv p ast/→/faif p ast/, and of Devoicing ,that case/ et keis/→/ ek keis/andhasto/haz t /→/has t /, were evaluated. Therefore, the constraint STAY(IV) were proved to be invalid. As a result, two new constraints, SAME(manner) and SAME(place), were proposed to replace STAY(IV) respectively, which were proved to be successful. In addition, the constraint FATH(onset) was demonstrated to be the highest when ranked. |
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Key words: velarization; devoicing; regressive assimilation; OT(Optimality Theory) |
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