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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2006)03-0328-05 |
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民国时期中外新条约的签订与领水主权的部分恢复 |
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刘利民 |
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（湖南师范大学历史文化学院,湖南长沙, 410081） |
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| 摘 要： 民国时期,中国政府意识到领水主权丧失所带来的危害,要求列强放弃在华领水特权已经成为民国政府废约运动的重要内容。随着废约运动的开展,收回领水主权的努力逐渐得到回报。当时一系列新条约的签订事实上就意味着中国领水主权的逐渐得以恢复。新约的签订使中国领水主权无疑得到了尊重,尽管这还只是条约文本意义上的尊重,但毕竟从法律上解除了中国领水主权所受到的约束。对于这种法律程序上的主权恢复活动,还是应该给予一定的肯定。这是自鸦片战争以后中国领水主权回归正常状态的重要步骤。当然,新约的签订并不意味着中国领水主权的立即恢复。由于列强不愿意真正放弃原有特权,加上国民党政府的腐败卖国,中国领水主权并没有得以完全恢复。新条约签订后,中国领水主权依然不是完整的。这种状况一直延续到国民党政权垮台。 |
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| 关键词： 领水主权;废约运动;民国政府;主权恢复 |
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Signing new treaties and resuming partly the inland waters sovereignty
in the governance of the Repybblic of China |
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LIU Li-min |
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（Department of History, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China） |
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Abstract: During the period of the Republic of China, realizing the danger of the inland waters sovereignty, the then Chinese Government required Big Powers to give up the privileges in China inland waters .That became an important content of the Abolishing Movement. With the development of this movement, the efforts won the repayment gradually. New treaties meant that the inland waters sovereignty gradually recovered in fact. These treaties undoubtedly respected China s inland waters sovereignty. Though it was still only respected in the text meaning of a treaty, new treaties had legally removed part of the restraint of China s inland waters sovereignty. This activity of such legal procedure should be positively recognized. It is an important step to resume the inland waters sovereignty since the Opium War (1840 1842). Certainly, these treaties did not mean immediate recovery of China s inland waters sovereignty. Because Big Powers were unwilling to really give up their privileges. In addition, the Kuomintang government betrayed her
country, China s inland waters sovereignty could not be totally resumed. After the new treaties were signed, the situation relating to China s inland waters sovereignty lasted until the Kuomintang government collapsed . |
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Key words: inland waters sovereignty; abolishing movement; the Republic of China government; resuming the sovereignty |
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