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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2022)06-0078-14 |
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村庄组织化程度、土地流转与农民创业——基于中国劳动力动态调查数据的实证研究 |
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许恒周，南方 |
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（天津大学管理与经济学部，天津，300072） |
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| 摘 要： 基于中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS 2018)数据，实证分析了村庄组织化程度对农民创业的影响，并检验土地流转在此过程中是否发挥中介作用。研究发现，村庄组织化程度对农民创业产生显著的正向影响，而土地转出在此过程中发挥部分中介作用。在异质性影响上，我国村庄组织化程度对农民创业的影响程度由东向西依次递减，东部地区最为显著。进一步研究发现：村庄非正式组织的组织化程度显著正向影响了农民创业，由“熟人社会”构建起来的村庄非正式组织现如今仍然是我国农民创业的主要推动力；而正式组织的组织化程度对农民创业的促进作用并不显著，农民对于正式组织缺乏信任，农民创业还是过度依赖非正式组织。此外，农民专业合作社的发展能够显著促进农民创业。因此，要有针对性地提升村庄正式组织的组织化程度，注重建构正式组织与村民之间良好的信任合作机制，充分发挥农民专业合作社对农民创业的促进作用，营造良好的农村创业环境。 |
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| 关键词： 土地流转；村庄组织化程度；农民创业；中介效应；农民专业合作社 |
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The degree of village organization, land transfer and rural entrepreneurship: An empirical study based on the data of China Labor-force Dynamics Survey |
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XU Hengzhou NAN Fang |
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（College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China） |
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| Abstract: Based on the data of China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) in 2018, the study undertakes an empirical analysis of the impact of village organization on farmers' entrepreneurship, and tests whether land transfer plays an intermediary role in this process. The study finds that the degree of village organization has a significant positive impact on farmers' entrepreneurship, while land transfer plays an intermediary role in this process. In terms of heterogeneity impact, the degree of impact of the village organization degree on farmer’s entrepreneurship in our country gradually decreases from the east to the west, with the eastern area being most striking. Further research finds that the organization degree of informal organizations in the village significantly exerts a positive effect on farmers' entrepreneurship, and informal organizations in the village constructed by acquaintances are still the main driving force of farmers' entrepreneurship, while the degree of organization of formal organizations does not significantly promote farmers' entrepreneurship, and farmers lack trust on formal organizations; instead, farmers' entrepreneurship still relies overtly on informal organizations. In addition, the development of agricultural cooperatives can significantly promote farmers' entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the degree of organization of formal village organizations in the targeted way, pay attention to building the trust and cooperative mechanism between formal organizations and villages, give full play to the role of agricultural professional cooperatives in promoting farmers' entrepreneurship, and create a good rural entrepreneurship environment. |
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Key words: land transfer; the degree of village organization; farmers’ entrepreneurship; mediating effect; farmers’ specialized cooperatives |
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