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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2022)06-0055-12 |
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论生态环境司法中科学证据的审查判断：科学主义与公众参与的融合 |
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马驰升 |
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（湖南科技大学法学与公共管理学院，湖南湘潭，411201） |
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| 摘 要： 生态环境保护类案件的审理往往涉及科学证据的审查判断。科学主义有助于法官对科学证据进行审查判断，但其隐含着不确定性，又造成审查判断的标准与程序出现不确定性。虽然可以通过以人民陪审员为代表的公众参与制度弥补科学主义的不确定性，但又因人民陪审员制度存在缺陷，无法有效地将公众参与制度融入科学主义主导下的科学证据审查判断中。因此，需要根据生态环境司法制度的基本要求，结合科学证据的特性，理顺程序正义与科学主义的关系，通过明确人民陪审员参与庭前证据交换的条件、制定“事实审”问题说明书、协调一般人民陪审员与专家型陪审员参与庭审比例等手段来完善人民陪审员制度，以此促使科学主义与公众参与达到新融合。 |
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| 关键词： 生态环境司法；科学证据；科学主义；公众参与 |
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On the examination and judgment of scientific evidence in eco-environmental trial: Integration of scientism and public participation |
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MA Chisheng |
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（School of Law and Public Administration, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China） |
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| Abstract: The trial of eco-environmental protection cases often involves the examination and judgment of scientific evidence. Scientism helps judges review and judge scientific evidence, but due to the implicit uncertainty of scientism, it also leads to uncertainty about the criteria and procedures for reviewing and judgment. Although its uncertainty can be remedied by the public participation system represented by People's Assessors, due to the shortcomings of the People's Accessory System, it is impossible to effectively integrate the public participation system into the review and judgment of scientific evidence under the leadership of scientism. Therefore, it is necessary to straighten out the relationship between procedural justice and scientism in accordance with the basic requirements of the environment justice system and the characteristics of scientific evidence, clarify the conditions for people's assessors to participate in the exchange of evidence before court, formulate a problem description of "factual trial", and coordinate the proportion of ordinary people's assessors and expert jurors participating in court hearings to improve the People's Accessory System, so as to promote the new integration of scientism and public participation. |
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Key words: environment justice；scientific evidence；scientism；public participation |
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