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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2022)03-0020-12 |
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公共卫生领域大数据治理中个人信息的利用与保护 |
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许中缘，何舒岑 |
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（中南大学法学院，湖南长沙，410006） |
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| 摘 要： 个人信息是公共卫生领域大数据治理中的核心要素。我国公共卫生数据治理存在个人信息私密性与公共性价值冲突的平衡难题、多元治理主体间的信息整合困境及个人信息利益建构性损害的救济障碍。公共卫生领域相关法律规范在大数据治理和个人信息保护规则方面的滞后性，是阻碍数据利用效能、削弱权益保护的表层原因，个人隐私保护与公共健康保障的价值矛盾是冲突根源。限制个人信息私利性，应以保障公共卫生安全为法定依据和价值基础，遵循基于场景解构的差异化、动态化合规处理规则及具备可救济性的限度要求；应对相关法律规范加以完善，具体包括细化个人信息差别化公开和共享规则，厘清多元主体权责配置，加强个人信息权益行政监督与救济。 |
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| 关键词： 公共卫生；大数据治理；敏感个人信息；利益冲突；场景理论 |
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Utilization and protection of personal information in big data governance in the field of public health |
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XU Zhongyuan, HE Shucen |
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（School of Law, Central South University, Changsha 410006, China） |
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| Abstract: The use of personal information is a core element of big data governance in public health. In China's public health data governance, there are practical problems such as balance between the privacy of personal information and conflict of public value, the dilemma of information integration among multiple governance subjects, and relief impediment of private law remedies for constructive damage to personal information interests. The lag of relevant laws and regulations in the field of public health in big data governance and personal information protection rules is the superficial reason that hinders the efficiency of information utilization and weakens the protection of rights and interests. The value contradiction between personal privacy protection and public health protection is the theoretical root cause. To restrict the private interests of personal information, we should take guaranteeing public health security as the legal basis and value basis, abide by the differentiated and dynamic compliance processing rules which are based on contextual deconstruction as well as the limit requirements for remedies. And we should improve relevant legal norms, including specifying the differentiated disclosure of personal information, sharing of personal information, clarifying the allocation of powers and responsibilities of multiple subjects, and strengthening administrative supervision and remedies for personal information rights and interests. |
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Key words: public health; big data governance; sensitive personal information; conflict of interest; contextual integrity theory |
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