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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2021)01-0179-11 |
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环境史：历史研究的生态取向 |
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滕海键 |
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（辽宁大学经济学院，辽宁沈阳，110036） |
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| 摘 要： 环境史学的兴起以生态危机为背景，以生态学为理论基础。当下中国的生态思想有西方的生态学、马克思主义有关“人与自然”关系的辩证思想和中国古代传统生态思想等三大源流。历史研究的生态取向就是将生态学的概念和范畴、观念和意识、理论和方法引入历史研究，用生态学的理念和话语体系来诠释人类史，在此基础上形成一种以生态理念为主旨的历史观、认识论和方法论，一种生态思维和生态史观。环境史应从人的生物性与社会性相结合出发来研究人类活动，并据此构建学科研究框架和体系。以生态学的理念去思考和评价人类的“生命活动”，就有了与以往完全不同的标准。环境史以生命为中心，以生命关怀为主旨和终极目标，就能够与生态文明关联起来，环境史研究也就由此具有了很强的现实意义。 |
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| 关键词： 环境史；生命共同体；生态理念；生态史观 |
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Environmental history: The ecological orientation of historical research |
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TENG Haijian |
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（School of Economics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China） |
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| Abstract: The rise of environmental history takes ecological crisis as its background and ecology as its theoretical basis. In present China's ecological though, there are three sources, including western ecology, Marxist dialectic thoughts about the relation between man and nature, and Chinese ancient traditional ecological thoughts. The ecological orientation of historical research is to introduce the concept and consciousness, theory and method of ecology into historical research, to interpret human history with concepts and discourse system of ecology, and on this basis, to form a historical view, epistemology and methodology with ecological ideas as the intention, and an ecological thinking and ecological history view. Environmental history should study human activities from the perspective of combining human biological and social nature and accordingly build a framework system of discipline research. To think about and evaluate human life activities with the concept of ecology, there come totally different standards. Environmental history, taking life as the center, and life care as the main purpose and ultimate goal, can be connected with ecological civilization. Therefore, the study of environmental history is of a strong practical significance. |
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Key words: environmental history; life community; ecological concept; ecological view of history |
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