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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2008)06−0886−05 |
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语素名物化与语素转喻造词 |
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颜红菊，罗渊 |
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（湖南科技大学人文学院，湖南湘潭，411201） |
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| 摘 要： 名物化现象在语言系统的各个层面都有。在以往的研究中，语法系统中的名物化现象颇受关注，词汇系统中的名物化现象则不太受到关注。而对于词汇系统中的名物化现象也缺乏清晰的层次观念，对语素层面的名物化缺乏充分的认识。这就导致一些分歧观点的产生，如对“逆序类”结构是否存在的争论。名物化不仅发生在词层面，也发生在语素层面，其认知机制为转喻。明确语素名物化的观念对词汇语义和形式的理解有重要的意义。在意义方面，转喻机制不仅使语素本身发生语义转化，而且通过语义转指发展新的语义类范畴，改造整个词汇语义系统。在形式方面，语素不仅可以以本义参与造词，也可以以转义参与造词，从而提供高效的新词产生的途径。 |
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| 关键词： 语素名物化；转喻；语素转喻造词 |
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Morphemic nominalization and formation word by
morphemic metonymy |
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YAN Hongju, LUO Yuan |
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（School of Human Studies, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China） |
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| Abstract: Nominalization is a common phenomenon at different levels in language system. Although the nominalization in the grammar system has attracted considerable attentions, the nominalization in the lexical system has been largely ignored in the literature. There has not been consensus on this concept due to the incomplete understanding on the nominalization in both language and lexical system. There has been different arguments about the existence of ‘reverse order’ structure. Nominalization occurs not only at word level, but also at morpheme level, and its cognitive mechanism is metonym. To definite the concept of morphemic nominalization is important for understanding both lexical meaning and lexical form. In meaning aspect, metonym mechanism not only transfers morpheme meaning, but also expands new sense category by transfering meaning, and transforms whole lexical semantic system as well. In form aspect, morphemes can form words not only by original meaning but also by transferred meaning; formation word by morphemic metonymy provides an important way for producing new words. |
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Key words: morphemic nominalization; metonym; formation word by morphemic metonymy |
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