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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2013)06-0219-05 |
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论拜占廷帝国科穆宁制度的历史作用 |
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罗春梅 |
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（中南大学马克思主义学院，湖南长沙，410083） |
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| 摘 要： 科穆宁制度是1081年阿莱克修斯上台后建立的以皇帝为中心、以皇帝的家族为统治基础的政治制度。这一制度确立了皇帝家族和军事贵族的统治地位，建立起庞大的皇帝家族对非皇帝家族的绝对优势，为科穆宁王朝前三位皇帝提供了坚实的统治支柱，使他们加强了中央集权，恢复并保持了对贵族、官僚政治、军队和君士坦丁堡民众的控制，最终遏制了11世纪以来十分严重的贵族叛乱和阴谋活动，为拜占廷帝国在1081—1180年出现的百年繁荣局面奠定了基础。 |
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| 关键词： 拜占廷帝国；科穆宁制度；阿莱克修斯一世；军事贵族；中央集权 |
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On the functions of the Comnenian System in the Byzantine Empire |
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LUO Chunmei |
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（School of Marxism, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China） |
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| Abstract: The Comnenian system was established by Alexius Comnenus after he became emperor in 1081. Within this political system, rank and office, and associated wealth and prestige, all emanated from the person of emperor, whose relatives by blood or marriage formed a privileged stratum that was at the top of the social and political hierarchy. This system established the dominant position of the military aristocracy and the emperor’s family which had achieved total supremacy over those families who were not related to the emperor, which provided the emperors with a strong backbone. With this backbone the first three emperors of the Comnenian Dynasty strengthened the central power, kept control of the aristocracy, bureaucracy, army and Constantinople’s populace. This system laid foundations for the prosperity in Byzantium from 1081 to 1180. |
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Key words: the Byzantine Empire; the Comnenian system; Alexius I Comnenus; the military aristocracy; the power of center |
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