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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2011)04-0063-05 |
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公民资格：同质化构建还是差异性共存 |
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陈毅 |
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（华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院，上海，201620） |
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| 摘 要： 现代国家建设是基于国家与公民新型权利义务关系的重塑。国家与公民的关系构成现代政治最基本也是最重要的一对关系，决定着现代国家建设的基本架构和发展趋势。一种是基于权利平等的公民资格同质化构建，另一种是基于美德和参与的多样化公民资格，两种观点的争论也代表了自由主义和共和主义的两大思潮的争锋，前者凸现了权利解放，有助于解释消极公民的自由观，后者强调了政治义务，更有助于解释积极的公民观。二者是一种对立还是一种补充关系，学界争论不休。公民资格是一个与国家边界紧密相关的政治概念，在一个国家交往日益紧密的全球化时代，何种公民资格更具有解释力成为一个理论前沿问题，底线公民资格可能是一个不错的出路。 |
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| 关键词： 公民资格；自由主义；共和主义；同质化 |
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For citizenship: homogenization foundation or difference coexistence
——An investigation based on liberalism and republicanism |
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CHEN Yi |
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（Politics Science and Public Administration school, East China University of Political Science and Law,
Shanghai 201620, China） |
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| Abstract: The foundation of modern state is a kind of reconstruction based on a new type of relation between rights and obligations for states and citizens. The relation between state and citizen is the most basic and important among many relations as far as contemporary politics is concerned. It determines the basic framework and developing trend of modern state’s construction. One kind of relation thinks it as homogenization foundation based on rights equality, the other kind of relation thinks it as diversification citizenship based on virtues and participation. The dispute between these two viewpoints also represents the controversy of the two thought trends——liberalism and republicanism. The former emphasizes liberation of rights, which helps to illustrate the opinions on freedom of negative citizens, and the latter emphasizes political obligations, which contribute to explain positive opinions on citizens. Until now, whether the relation between them is opposite or supplementary is argued in academic circle. The citizenship is a kind of political definition which correlates very closely with state’s boundary. In an era of globalization, the intercourses between countries become increasing day by day. Under this background, to determine which opinion on citizenship has a good interpretation has become a theoretical leading issue, and the baseline citizenship may be a good approach. |
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Key words: citizenship; liberalism; republicanism; homogenization |
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