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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2023)03-0089-13 |
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基于P-TRM的中国稀土产业技术创新的政策演化路径研究 |
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王昶1，刘雅琳1，耿红军1，左绿水2 |
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（1.中南大学商学院，湖南长沙，410083；
2.中南大学公共管理学院，湖南长沙，410083） |
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| 摘 要： 稀土被称为“工业维生素”，已成为全球各国资源争夺和技术竞争的焦点。我国是稀土资源大国，政府高度重视稀土产业技术的创新，出台了系列创新政策以推动中国从稀土大国向稀土强国转变。收集1978—2021年国家层面颁布的63份与稀土产业相关的创新政策文本，结合内容分析法，构建政策-技术路线图(P-TRM)分析框架，剖析稀土产业技术创新的政策演化历程与路径。研究发现：从创新政策工具来看，稀土产业创新政策工具呈现出进入阶段以结构型创新政策工具为主，到逐步追赶阶段结构型与功能型创新政策工具同时发力，再到跨越阶段由功能型创新政策工具占据主导的演进趋势；从政策作用技术环节来看，从进入阶段主要发力于原材料制备技术，到逐步追赶阶段聚焦关键部件加工和终端产品制造技术，最后跨越阶段延伸到废弃产品循环利用技术，呈现出从关注单一技术环节到全技术链的演进趋势；从政策演化路径来看，稀土产业创新政策随着稀土产业创新生态的演变而变化，不断完善稀土产业创新生态系统，促进稀土全产业链技术的创新。最后，针对中国稀土产业技术创新政策的优化提出政策建议。 |
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| 关键词： 稀土产业；政策-技术路线图；技术创新；政策演化路径 |
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Research on policy evolution path of technological innovation in China's rare earth industry based on Policy-Technology Roadmap |
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WANG Chang1, LIU Yalin1, GENG Hongjun1, ZUO Lyushui2 |
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（1. School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China） |
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| Abstract: Rare earth elements are referred to as "industrial vitamins" and have become the focal point of global resource competition and technological rivalry. As the largest rare earth resource country, China places great emphasis on technological innovation in the rare earth industry and has implemented a series of policies to promote such transformation from a strong rare earth resource country to a powerful one. This article collects 63 innovation policy texts related to the rare earth industry, issued at the national level between 1978 and 2021. Using these texts, a Policy-Technology Roadmap (P-TRM) framework is constructed to analyze the evolution and trajectory of technological innovation policies within China's rare earth industry. The findings indicate the following. First, regarding innovation policy tools, the rare earth industry exhibits an evolutionary trend, transitioning from predominantly structural innovation policy tools during the initial stage, to a combination of structural and functional innovation policy tools during the catching-up stage, and ultimately to the predominance of functional innovation policy tools during the leapfrog stage. Second, in terms of the policy's impact on technological aspects, from the initial stage when the focus primarily revolved around raw material preparation technology, to the catching-up stage of gradually shifting towards key component processing and end product manufacturing technology, and ultimately to the leapfrog stage of expanding to include waste product recycling technology, rare earth industry innovation tools demonstrates an evolving trend from a concentration on individual technological links to the entire technological chain. Third, concerning the policy's evolution path, the rare earth industry's innovation policies possess characteristics that co-evolve with the rare earth industry's innovation ecology, constantly enhancing the rare earth industry's innovation ecosystem and promoting technological advancements throughout the entire rare earth industry chain. Finally, policy recommendations are made for the optimization of China's rare earth industry's technological innovation policies. |
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Key words: rare earth industry; policy-technology roadmap; technological innovation; policy evolution path |
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