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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2022)02-0082-11 |
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论民法绿色原则的规范结构及其授权本质 |
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肖峰 |
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（湘潭大学法学院，湖南湘潭，411105） |
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| 摘 要： 《民法典》承续了2017年《民法总则》创制的绿色原则，但学界将之或误读为民事权利体系引入限制性环境义务，或误读为环境权进入民法。这是以环境法逻辑替代民法逻辑的结果。由于绿色原则是独立于禁止违法背俗原则的新设原则，逻辑上应适用于合法民事行为的情形；特别是，绿色原则规范采用了“应当”+“有利于”的表述结构，将之与民法作为裁判规范的本质属性相结合，会发现绿色原则其实是服务于法官面对民事合法行为时，在考量传统的人身财产性“请求—抗辩结构”作出裁判抉择前，增加考量双方行为的环保意义，赋予节约资源者、保护环境者额外的请求权或抗辩权。因此，绿色原则实质上是在固有的民法规范结构基础上，增设了一套基于绿色理由的授权规范体系。 |
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| 关键词： 民法；绿色原则；规范结构；授权性；制度本质 |
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On the regulatory framework and its rights-granting nature of the green principle of the civil law |
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XIAO Feng |
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（School of Law, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan411105, China） |
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| Abstract: Civil Law Code has inherited the Green Principle which was stipulated in 2017 in General Provisions of Civil Law, but the academia misread it either as civil rights system being brought into restrictive environmental rights, or as environmental rights entering civil law. This results from the phenomenon that the logic of environmental law replaces that of civil law. As the Green Principle is a newly established principle, independent from “the principle of forbidding to violate laws and to deviate from good custom”, it should be applied to lawful behaviors in logic. Particularly, the norm of the Green Principle has adopted such expression structures as “should” and “be helpful to”. When we combine it with the essential property of civil laws as judging norm, it will be found that the Green Principle actually serves the judges who, when encountering civil legal actions, will weigh the request-and-defend relationship of traditional personal property before making the best judgment, enhance the environmentally-friendly significance of considering the behaviors on both sides, and endow the pleading rights or defending rights to those who save resources and protect the environment. Therefore, the Green Principle, essentially speaking, adds a rights-granting system on the basis of inherent normative structure of civil laws. |
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Key words: civil laws; the Green Principle; normative structure; nature of rights-granting; normative property |
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