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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2020)06-0033-09 |
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正义与辩护——论莱纳·弗斯特的正义批判理论 |
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刘光斌 |
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（湖南大学马克思主义学院，湖南长沙，410082） |
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| 摘 要： 西方社会情境的变化产生了不正义，其原有的社会正义原则难以适用，再加上全球化引发的不正义，这些需要正义理论做出新的回应。针对这些问题，莱纳·弗斯特在挖掘英美政治理论传统中的正义理论资源、采用法兰克福学派批判理论方法的基础上，提出了正义批判理论以解决社会中的不正义。他从理性的人具有基本的辩护权利出发，把正义与辩护结合起来，分析了社会中存在的不正义及其权力问题，以建立公正的社会秩序为目标。莱纳·弗斯特把正义批判理论的应用情境从国内扩展到全球，探讨了国内正义与跨国正义之间的关系，构建了一种符合跨国最低限度正义要求的基本的辩护结构，从而深化了正义批判理论研究。莱纳·弗斯特的正义批判理论对当今社会问题做了理论回应，代表了批判理论当代发展的新态势，推动了对正义批判理论的研究。 |
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| 关键词： 莱纳·弗斯特；正义批判理论；辩护 |
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Justice and justification: On Rainer Forst’ critical theory of justice |
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LIU Guangbin |
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（School of Marxism, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China） |
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| Abstract: The changes in western social context have resulted in injustice, its original principles of social justice are hard to apply, and globalization has brought about injustice, all of which require new responses from justice theory. To solve these problems, Forst proposes the critical theory of justice on the basis of excavating the theoretical resources of justice in the tradition of Anglo-American political theory and adopting the method of Frankfurt School’s critical theory. Starting from the fact that rational people have the basic right for justification, he combines justice with justification and analyzes the injustice and power problems in the society, aiming at establishing a just social order. Forst expands the application context of the critical theory of justice from domestic to global, explores the relationship between domestic justice and transnational justice, and constructs a basic defense structure that meets the minimum requirements of transnational justice, thus deepening the research of the critical theory of justice. Forst's critical theory of justice has made a theoretical response to current social problems, reflected the new development trend of Frankfurt School's critical theory, and promoted the research of contemporary critical theory of justice. |
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Key words: Rainer Forst; critical theory of justice; justification |
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