|
| 文章编号：1672-3104(2020)05-0070-12 |
| |
|
数据的二元划分与体系保护 |
| |
冯德淦 |
| |
|
（南京大学法学院，江苏南京，210093） |
| |
| 摘 要： 数据可以进行二元划分，分别是代码符号层面的数据和语义信息层面的数据。代码符号层面的数据虽然客观存在，与法律上的物有一定相似，但是由于其缺乏竞争性，同时权利轮廓也不明晰，因而无法构造出“数据文件所有权”，应当借助保护性规范对其进行保护，具体又体现为保护数据的完整性和数据不被窃取。语义信息层面的数据，在私法领域主要体现为对个人信息的保护，构造个人信息绝对权对其进行保护的路径并不可行，由于公法对个人信息保护的成熟性，应当借此以保护性规范来保护。两个层面的数据都蕴含着财产利益，最恰当的方式是利用合同制度实现保护。两个层面的数据均具有一定的公共属性，私法对其保护时应当作出一些限制。 |
| |
| 关键词： 数据保护；代码符号；语义信息；个人信息；保护性规范 |
| |
|
| |
Binary division and system protection of data |
| |
FENG Degan |
| |
（School of Law, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China） |
| |
| Abstract: Data can be divided into two levels: data at the code symbol level and data at the semantic information level. Although the data at the code symbol level exists objectively and is similar to legal objects to some extent, because of its lack of competition and the unclear outline of rights, it is impossible to construct "data file ownership". And the data should be protected by means of protective norms. The protection of the data at the code symbol level is specifically embodied by the fact that the data is integral and that the data is not stolen. The data at the semantic information level is mainly in the protection of personal information in the field of private law. It is not feasible to construct the path of absolute protection of personal information to protect it. Due to the maturity of public law protection of public information, it should be protected by protective norms. Because both levels of data contain property interests, the most appropriate way to protect the data is by exploiting the contract system. On the other hand, as data at both levels have certain public attributes, the private law should also impose some restrictions on its protection. |
| |
Key words: data protection; code symbol; semantic information; personal information; protective norms |
| |
|
