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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2019)04-0051-11 |
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从《北美自由贸易协定》到《美墨加协定》：国际投资法制的新发展与中国的因应 |
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张生 |
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（西安交通大学法学院，陕西西安，710049） |
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| 摘 要： 作为美国历史上第一个重新谈判的自由贸易协定，《美墨加协定》体现出缔约方对于国际投资机制的调整。相比较《北美自由贸易协定》，《美墨加协定》投资章节的设计体现出更加精细化和均衡化，也更具效率性和针对性。它在投资争端解决机制方面的规定表明“卡尔沃主义”正在回归和“美国化”，而协定针对美国、墨西哥和加拿大作出的不同安排也会使目前的机制更加“碎片化”。此外，投资章节中有关“非市场经济”的规定除了会对中国的投资产生影响外，也包含着明显的政治意图。对此，我国应当继续推动贸易协定谈判，拥护多边主义和自由贸易，同时也积极探索多元化的争端解决方式。 |
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| 关键词： 投资保护；争端解决；《美墨加协定》；多元化 |
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From NAFTA to USMCA: The developments of international investment regime and China’s countermeasures |
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ZHANG Sheng |
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（School of Law, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China） |
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| Abstract: As the first re-negotiation of free trade agreements in American history, the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) reflects the adjustment of international investment mechanisms by the parties involved. Compared with the North American Free Trade Agreement, the design of the investment chapter of the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement is more refined, balanced, efficient and targeted. Its provisions on investment dispute resolution mechanisms indicate the return and “Americanization” of the “Calvo Doctrine”. The different dispute settlement mechanism among the United States, Mexico and Canada will also make the current mechanism more “fragmented”. In addition, the provisions of the investment section on “non-market economy” not only affect Chinese investment, but also contain obvious political intentions. In this regard, China should continue to promote trade agreement negotiations, support multilateralism and free trade, and actively explore diversified dispute resolution methods. |
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Key words: investment protection; dispute settlement; USMCA; diversification |
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