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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2018)06-0181-07 |
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R. S. 托马斯的诗歌对转型焦虑的双重回应 |
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曾魁 |
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（浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院，浙江杭州，310058） |
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| 摘 要： R. S. 托马斯诗歌中的焦虑的一个主要根源是社会的转型，他的诗歌通过反田园书写和设想“阿布酷歌”乌托邦愿景来积极回应转型焦虑。与传统田园诗的逃避主义冲动相比，反田园书写更具现实关怀，是一种独特的将威尔士乡村政治化的策略，表达了抵制工业化和旅游业的政治诉求。另类的乌托邦“阿布酷哥”不仅延续了反田园书写的现实关怀，而且比前者更具颠覆性和建设性，并将这种关怀从威尔士拓展到整个现代世界。作为现代性内部的一个他者空间和动态过程，“阿布酷哥”不断瓦解工业资本主义体系，推动现代文明走向理想的乡村共同体。分析托马斯诗歌中的转型焦虑及其回应策略，有助于揭去一些批评家强加在他身上的“狭隘的民族主义者”和“逃避主义者”的标签。 |
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| 关键词： R. S. 托马斯；乡村共同体；转型焦虑；反田园；乌托邦愿景 |
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Double responses to the anxiety of social transformation in R. S. Thomas’s poetry |
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ZENG Kui |
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（School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China） |
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| Abstract: One of the major sources of the anxiety in R. S. Thomas’s poetry is social transformation. By using the anti-pastoral representation and envisioning the utopia of “Abercuawg”, his poetry responds actively to the anxiety of social transformation. In contrast to the escapist impulse of the traditional pastoral, Thomas’s anti-pastoral representation is more reality-oriented. It is a distinct strategy for repoliticizing the Welsh countryside, which conveys his political aim of resisting industrialization and tourism. Continuing the realistic concern of the anti-pastoral representation, the alternative utopian vision of “Abercuawg” is not only more subversive and constructive than the former but also extends its concern for Wales to a concern for the entire modern world. As another space and a dynamic process within modernity, “Abercuawg” constantly disrupts the industrial capitalist system and moves modern civilization towards the ideal rural community. Analyzing the anxiety of social transformation in Thomas’s poetry and his responses to it helps to tear off the labels of “a narrow nationalist” and “an escapist” imposed on him by some critics. |
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Key words: R. S. Thomas; rural community; anxiety of transformation; anti-pastoral; utopian vision |
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