|
| 文章编号：1672-3104(2018)04-0042-10 |
| |
|
民选的议会与不民主的立法：当代美国非正统立法程序考察 |
| |
王怡 |
| |
|
（中山大学法学院，广东广州，510275） |
| |
| 摘 要： 美国国会的立法程序以多级化、复杂化和专业化著称。在理论家看来，这一设计为立法过程中多元利益的充分博弈提供了重要场所。然而，精巧的理论在实践当中往往难以奏效。特别是近些年来，美国国会频繁利用程序中的灰色地带，为一揽子立法等非正统立法手段大开方便之门，使得大量议案绕过传统立法程序的关键环节，不经充分审议和辩论便获得法的身份。以至于已有不少学者宣称，教科书式的传统立法程序已名存实亡，非正统立法正主导着当今美国立法实践。理性认识美国的民主与法治，需要深度发掘和客观评价其议会民主实践。对当下美国国会立法中的非正统立法现象及其影响进行考察，或将为我国学界认识和反思西方民主制度和立法制度带来新的启发。 |
| |
| 关键词： 美国立法；立法程序；非正统立法；民主立法；法治 |
| |
|
| |
Elected Congress but undemocratic legislation: An observation on the unorthodox legislation in the contemporary US |
| |
WANG Yi |
| |
（School of Law, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China） |
| |
| Abstract: American Congress is famous for its multi-level, complexity and specialization. Seen from the view of the theorists, this structure provides a workplace for the interest groups to communicate and negotiate with each other. However, the dedicate theory tends to be hard to implement in practice. In the recent years, American Congress has made frequent use of the grey areas to facilitate unorthodox legislation such as omnibus legislation, due to which, a large number of bills have been approved of without adequate deliberation and debate. Just as scholars comment, the typical legislation described in textbooks is dying with the unorthodox legislation dominating the Congress. In order to learn about the democracy and rule of law in America, we need to explore and evaluate the practice of the Congress. Examining the phenomenon and the impacts of unorthodox legislation in the contemporary US will shed some new light on our perception of the western democracy and its legislation institution. |
| |
Key words: legislation in the US; legislation procedure; unorthodox legislation; democratic legislation; rule of law |
| |
|
