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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2018)03-0133-12 |
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中国公众空气质量感知的影响因素研究——基于多层级定序因变量模型的宏微观互动分析 |
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彭铭刚1，钟晓慧2 |
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（1. 广州大学公共管理学院，广东广州 510006；2. 中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院，广东广州 510275） |
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| 摘 要： 公众是空气质量的直接感受者，其空气质量感知是政府空气污染治理决策的重要依据。学界对空气质量感知有众多研究，但现有文献对中国公众空气质量感知的影响因素缺乏系统的讨论。文章借鉴和拓展“污染感知偏差”“信息框架理论”与“社会建构理论”三大研究取向，构建多层次定序因变量模型，运用宏微观交互的方法，实证分析中国公众空气质量感知的影响因素及其条件。结果表明：①与发达国家不同，由于注意力分配受双向驱动的影响，公众的感知与实际空气质量具有显著的协同效应。②政府环境信息透明度能显著提升公众的空气质量感知，拓展了发达国家基于“情境因素”的宏观研究。③公众互联网社交媒体的接触程度与受教育程度对其空气质量感知具有调节作用，空气质量恶化对感知的消极影响，随着公众互联网社交媒体的接触程度的提高而不断增大；政府环境信息透明度对公众的空气质量感知的正向影响，随着公众受教育程度的提高而降低。研究的发现为地方政府提升公众空气质量感知水平提供了经验证据与决策参考。 |
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| 关键词： 公众空气质量感知；空气污染；政府环境信息透明度；互联网；受教育程度；多层级定序因变量模型 |
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Influencing factors of public perception of air quality in China: A study of macro-micro interactions based on multi-level ordered logistic model |
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PENG Minggang1, ZHONG Xiaohui2 |
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（1. School of Public Administration, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
2. School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China） |
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| Abstract: The public is the direct recipients of air quality, and their perception of public air quality is an important proof for decision-making of air pollution management. However, among numerous researches on air pollution in the academia, the existing literature fails to provide systematic studies on the factors affecting public perception of air quality in China. The present study, by borrowing from and extending the existing research perspectives of biased pollution perception, information framing effects and social construction in most developed countries, constructs a multi-level ordered logistic model, adopts macro-micro interactions, and empirically verifies the influence of actual air pollution. The results are as follows. First, unlike the existing observations in most developed countries, public perception of air quality in China has significant synergistic effect with the actual air quality, which can be explained by the public attention allocation in China. Second, environmental information transparency can significantly improve the public perception of air quality, which extends the macro-level perspective that focuses on situational factors in developed countries. Third, internet and social media exposure as well as education have significant interactive effects. The negative influence of air quality deterioration on public perception increases when the public have been more exposed to the internet and social media. The positive influence of the government environmental information transparency on public perception decreases when the public have higher level of education. These findings provide empirical evidence and decision-making references for local governments to improve public air quality perception. |
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Key words: perception of air quality; actual air pollution; environmental information transparency; internet and social media exposure; education; multi-level ordered logistic model |
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