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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2017)06-0086-08 |
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中国对外贸易的“绿色”评估——以钢铁行业为例 |
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杨毅1.2，刘艳1 |
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（1. 中南大学商学院，湖南长沙，410083；
2. 中南大学金属资源战略研究院，湖南长沙，410083） |
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| 摘 要： 基于价值流方法，编制了2000—2012年我国钢铁行业的全生命周期进出口清单，对我国钢铁行业对外贸易做出“绿色”评估。结果发现：在趋势上，多项指标反映我国钢铁行业对外贸易“绿色”程度较好，我国仅2006—2008年出现“环境逆差”，经济增长与环境成本基本处于“脱钩”状态，生态贸易条件呈现改善趋势，打破普雷维什-辛格假说；在结构上，铁矿石是拉动资源价值流进的主要动因，铁的全生命周期进出口结构表现出不对称性；进一步研究表明，影响中国钢铁行业对外贸易环境冲击的关键因素是技术进步。因此，为提高我国钢铁行业对外贸易的“绿色”程度，实现贸易双顺差状态，政府部门可在总量控制、结构优化和技术进步三个层面做政策调整。 |
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| 关键词： 环境成本；价值流；全生命周期；对外贸易 |
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Green evaluation on the foreign trade of China: Taking iron industry as an example |
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YANG Yi1,2, LIU Yan1 |
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（1. School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Metal Resources Strategic Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China） |
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| Abstract: The present study, by adopting the value flow method, compiles a full life cycle list of import and export of the iron industry of China for the period between 2000 and 2012, and conducts green evaluation of the foreign trade of the iron industry of China. It is found that in trend, many indexes indicate that the foreign trade of the iron industry of China is relatively green as China experienced environmental deficit only between 2006 to 2008, as economic growth and environmental cost have been basically unrelated, and as environmental trade conditions tend to improve, hence breaking Prebisch Singer hypothesis. In terms of structure, iron ores are the major drive for promoting the inflow of resource value. The import structure of the full life-cycle iron import and export shows asymmetrical features. Further studies demonstrate that technical progress is the key factor influencing the impact on the environment by the foreign trade of iron industry of China. Therefore, in order to make the foreign trade of the iron industry of China greener, and to realize trade double surplus, the government could make policy adjustment in such three levels as total volume controlling, structure improvement, and technical progress. |
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Key words: environmental cost; value flow; full life cycle; foreign trade |
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