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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2015)01-0234-06 |
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梁武舍道事佛与唐代三教论衡 |
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刘林魁 |
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（宝鸡文理学院关陇宗教文化研究所，陕西宝鸡，721013） |
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| 摘 要： 梁武帝舍道事佛是中古思想文化史上的一大疑案，但此一说法真正被关注是在唐代。与其斤斤计较此说的真伪，不如从唐代宗教文化环境中考察其发生与功能。从现存文献来看，唐代帝王史臣在反思南北朝政教关系的潮流中，将梁武帝崇奉佛教与萧梁亡国联系起来，道教徒也乘势将此提升为佛教亡国论，但梁武帝舍道事佛并未被儒、道二教关注。唐初佛徒对儒家、道教的批判采取了不同的回应方式，梁武帝舍道事佛主要承担起了抨击道教的使命，但受儒、道联合批评佛教惯例的影响，此事同时具有了扬佛、抑儒、贬道的宗教功能。唐代佛徒对梁武帝舍道事佛的叙事突出了宗教对抗关系，这是对傅奕等道教信徒攻击佛教的响应。 |
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| 关键词： 唐初三教关系；梁武帝舍道事佛；弘法 |
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On Emperor Liang Wu abandoning Taoism to BuddhismThree-religions Debate in the Tang Dynasty |
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LIU Linkui |
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（Institute of Guanlong Religious Culture, Baoji University of Arts and Science, Baoji 721013, China） |
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| Abstract: It is a great mystery in the history of medieval culture that Emperor Liang Wu adandoned Taoism, which, however, became a special concern in early Tang Dynasty. The article proposes that, rather than commenting on whether the event was true or false, a better way of working out the mystery is to investigate its happenings and functions in the religious and cultural context of Tang Dynasty. Judging from the existing literature, emperors and ministers connected Liang Wu’s Buddhism worship with the national subjugation, which was taken advantage by Taoists who propagated that Buddhism resulted in the subjugation. However, the event itself of Liang Wu’s abandoning Taoism to Buddhism has not been paid any attention to by either Confucianists or Taoists. In early Tang Dynasty, Buddhists responded in a different way to both Confucianist and Taoist criticisms, believing that the event itself was undertaking the mission of attacking Taoism. But influenced by the practice that Confucianism and Taoism collaborated in criticizing Buddhism, the event also functioned in glorifying Buddhism, suppressing Confucianism and diminishing Taoism. The Buddhists’ narration of the event in Tang Dynasty highlighted the adversial relations among the three religions at the time, and the event was a response from Taoists like Fuyi. |
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