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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2009)01−0140−06 |
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人体名词与方位词的组合特点及认知解释 |
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周毕吉，李莹 |
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（华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心，湖北武汉，430079） |
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| 摘 要： 人体名词是名词中的一个特殊小类，它与方位词组合后可以形成“方+X”和“X+方”两种结构，前者既可以指称人体，也可以指处所，后者只能指处所，但二者指处所的方式并不相同。文章在选取了4组对称的方位词和25个人体名词，考察了其组合规律与特点后发现，在“方+X”的组合中，“左/右+X”在形式和意义上最为对称；而在“X+方”的组合中，“X+上/下”最为对称，另外“上”“前”“里/内/中”相对“下”“后”“外”更容易后附于X。这些特点，均可从认知的角度进行解释。 |
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| 关键词： 人体名词；方位词；组合特点；认知解释 |
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A Study on combination characteristics of noun of human organs and
noun of locality and its congnitive explanation |
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ZHOU Biji, LI Ying |
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（Center for Language and Language Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China） |
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| Abstract: The noun of human organs is a special subcategory of the noun. It can combine with noun of locality to form two kinds of sturcture, which exist respectively as “方(noun of locality)+X” and “X+方(noun of locality)”. The former can indicate both human body and location, while the latter only refers to location, and both structures are very different in the way to indicate location. The core part of the article, choosing four groups of noun of locality in symmetry and 25 nouns of human organs, explores their combining rules and characteristics. The survey reveals that among the combination of “方+X”, “左(zuo)/右(you)+X” is most symmetrical in form and meaning, while among the combination of “X+方”, “X+上(shang)/下(xia)” is most symmetrical. Besides，“上(shang)” “前(qian)” “里(li)/内(nei)/中(zhong)” is easier to be appended to X than “下(xia)” “后(hou)” “外(wai)”. To these characteristics, we offer an explanation from congnitive perspective. |
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Key words: Noun of human organs; noun of locality; combanation characteristics; congnitive explanation |
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