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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2015)03-0248-07 |
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宋代沿海渔民日常活动及政府管理 |
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徐世康 |
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（华东师范大学历史系，上海，200241） |
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| 摘 要： 两宋时期，随着造船技术的发展以及对近海环境认知能力的不断提高，宋代的捕渔业也从秦汉魏晋时的滩涂采捕而发展到了以近海采捕为主。部分渔民还从事如贸易等捕鱼外的其他活动以营生。此外，宋代沿海捕鱼业的范围也相当广泛，从北方的河北路一直分布到南方的福建路、两浙路以及今天舟山群岛等地。宋政府对沿海渔民实施着严格的管理，包括对其征收税收、督促其防御海盗与援助水军等。在宋代产生并传唱至今的渔歌，更是为当时渔民的生活提供了鲜明的写照。 |
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| 关键词： 宋代；渔业；渔民；渔歌 |
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Daily activities and governance of the coastal fishermenin the Song Dynasty |
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XU Shikang |
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（Department of History, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China） |
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| Abstract: In Song Dynasty, with the development of technologies in shipbuilding and the increase of the knowledge about the marine environment, fishing developed to off-shore fishing from shellfish gathering on the beaches in Qin, Wei and Jin dynasties. Besides, some fishermen took up other business such as trading to earn a living. Furthermore, the range of fishery in Song dynasty expanded, from HeBeiLu in the north to FuJianLu, LiangZheLu and Zhou Shan archipelago in the south. The government exerted strict management to control the fishermen,including collecting the tax,defendingagaisnt pirates and aiding the navy. The fishing songs which have been sung over and again from the Song Dynasties until now, could portray vividly the life of the coastal fishermen at that time. |
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Key words: Song Dynasty; fishery; fishermen; fish song |
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