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中南大学学报(社会科学版)
ZHONGNAN DAXUE XUEBAO(SHEHUI KEXUE BAN)

2014年06月第20卷第3期
   
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文章编号:1672-3104(2014)03-0252-06
 
试论清末的教育转型
 
白移,王亮
 
(上海师范大学人文学院,上海,200234)
 
摘  要: 晚清时期外国资本主义借助国家强力进入中国。在与列强的不断冲突中,清政府越来越感觉到新式人才的缺乏,发展新式教育逐步成为社会精英和国家的共识。戊戌变法和清末新政时期,国家的教育政策发生重要转变,由精英教育转变为国民教育。教育政策的转变客观上使国家成为国民教育的积极推动者和办学主体。国家采取抽收捐税等多种手段以筹措大量教育经费,促进了近代教育的发展。
 
关键词: 晚清;教育转型;国家;教育经费
 
 
Education tansformation in the Late Qing Dynasty
 
BAI Yi, WANG Liang
 
(Humanities and Communications College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China)
 
Abstract: As foreign capitalism intruded with the aid of their state’s strength into Chinese society in the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government more and more felt the lack of new talents. The development of modern education gradually became the consensus of social elite and the state. In the reform and the New Deal period, the state’s education policy started to turn from elite education to national education in that period of the Reform Movement of 1898 and the New Deal in the previous decade. The transition of the education policy objectively made the state become the active promoter of national education and school principals. As the main body of management, the government used various means such as the extraction of tolls and so on to raise educational appropriations for promoting the development of moden education. It also aggravated problems of people’s livehood, tormois, became an accompanying phenomenon in the process of social transformation that had been promoted by the state.
 
Key words: Late Qing Dynasty; Education Transition; State; Educational Approprication
 
 
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