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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2013)06-0016-05 |
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论斯宾诺莎自然法思想的基本构成 |
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张卫 |
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（吉林大学哲学基础理论研究中心暨哲学社会学院，吉林长春，130012） |
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| 摘 要： 斯宾诺莎的自然法思想强调自然法、自然权利、自然权力之间的等同关系。从表面看，三者之间的等同关系似乎失之独断，令人费解。但如果从其全部哲学的基底概念“实体”出发，将其自然法思想分殊为两层语境，即实体语境与个体语境，那么，通过分析“实体”概念统筹下的语境论述，就会使这种等同关系的合理性和意义显明起来。实体语境中的等同关系表明一种理想的观念学，个体语境中的等同关系则表明一种现实的政治学。阐明两种语境的过渡与转换，也便阐明了其自然法思想的基本构成。 |
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| 关键词： 斯宾诺莎；实体；理性；自由；自然法；自然权利 |
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On the basic structure of Spinoza’s theory of natural law |
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ZHANG Wei |
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（Center for Fundamentals Philosophy and School of Philosophy and Society, Jilin University,
Changchun 130012, China） |
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| Abstract: Spinoza’s theory of natural law emphasizes the equivalent relationship among natural law, natural right and natural power. Outuardly, the equivalent relationship seems to be arbitrary and puzzling. However, we can start with the base concept of substance, and divide the theory of natural law into two parts of contexts, that is, the context of substance and the context of individuality. And with an analysis of discourses under different contexts, the equivalent relationship will be intelligible and significant. One kind of ideal ideology is indicated by the equivalent relationship of substance context, while one kind of realistic politics is indicated by the equivalent relationship of individual context. To clarify the basic structure of the theory of natural law, it is nessary to clarify the transition and transformation of the two contexts. |
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Key words: Spinoza; substance; rationality; freedom; natural law; natural right |
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