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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2013)04-0143-07 |
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儒家早期“报”的思想释解 |
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覃江华 |
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（武汉大学哲学学院，湖北武汉，430072；华中农业大学外国语学院，湖北武汉，430070） |
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| 摘 要： 报是中国社会关系的重要基础，也是古代哲学的一个重要命题。《礼记》等儒家典籍中的报可以总结为报天、报神、报君和报亲等多种形式，并体现出宗教性、交互性、对等性、层次性、对象性和延宕性等重要特征。其运作方式主要有等报、差报和不报三种，各有其适用条件和范围。作为一种隐性社会正义机制，报也有其潜在风险，需要予以仔细辨析。 |
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| 关键词： 儒家；报；报天；报君；报神；报亲 |
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Interpretation of Bao in Early Confucianism |
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QIN Jianghua |
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（School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
College of Foreign Languages, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China） |
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| Abstract: Bao, or reciprocity, is the foundation of social relations in China and it is also an important proposition in ancient Chinese philosophy. In Confucian classics like Li Ji (Book of Rites), Bao can be classified into reciprocities with heaven, gods, the sovereign and family members, etc. Characterized by the religion’s, multi-dimentional features, Bao aims to find equivalent exchanges with different entities, usually after a certain lapse of time. The operation of Bao has three modes, namely, balanced Bao, unbalanced Bao and no/negative Bao, each with its own preconditions and applications. As an implicit social justice mechanism, Bao has its hidden dangers as well, which calls for more analyses. |
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Key words: Confucianism; Bao (reciprocity); reciprocities with heaven; reciprocities with govereign; reciprocities with gods; reciprocities with family members |
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