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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2013)01-0197-07 |
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寻找阿基米德支点
——反思《理论之后》争鸣中的科学与意识形态问题 |
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阴志科 |
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（山东大学文艺美学中心，山东济南，250100） |
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| 摘 要： 学界近年来对《理论之后》之“后”的探讨忽视了一个最重要的语境问题。“理论之后”并非对经验研究的强调和对理论思辨的纠偏，而是在深层结构上呼唤政治。理论把注意力转向其他学科，并不是要遗弃文学，而是试图找到一个外在于文学的、能够摆脱意识形态的着眼点来审视文学，并试图成为阿尔都塞所设想的、与意识形态相对立的科学。伊格尔顿在《理论之后》中似是而非的态度是摆脱知识(理论)和信仰(意识形态)二者间悖论状态的一种尝试：文学理论需要站在意识形态外面来反观文学这种意识形态。假如把意识形态比作地球，把“科学”比作杠杆，把伊格尔顿比作阿基米德，他要撬动地球的“阿基米德支点”依然来自于地球，这是一个悖论。伊格尔顿的尝试实为一种文本生产，中国学人要从此讨论中吸取教训，在我国的特殊语境中关注文学自身的审美和文化问题。 |
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| 关键词： 《理论之后》；理论；文学理论；科学；意识形态；结构主义 |
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To Find the Archimedean Point:
Rethinking of Science and Ideology in discussion for After Theory |
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YIN Zhike |
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（Literary Theory and Aesthetic Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China） |
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| Abstract: Imbedding After theory topic into structuralism context will grasp the logic contact between theory and after theory more explicitly. After theory won’t correct speculativism and stress empiricism, but call the politics and ideology. Paying attention to other disciplines won’t abandon literature but survey it with an ideology-free standpoint, and this would achieve the scientific effect. Eagleton shows some specious attitude for throwing off the entangled state between knowledge and belief in his book After theory. If ideology could be regarded as the earth, science as a lever, and Eagleton as Archimedes, the Archimedean Point still comes from the earth, so this is a paradox. |
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Key words: after theory; theory;science;literary theory; structuralism; ideology |
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