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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2012)06-0207-04 |
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新疆出土佉卢文书中所见收养人给付送养人“奶费”现象管窥 |
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李博 |
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（陕西师范大学历史文化学院，陕西西安，710062） |
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| 摘 要： 新疆地区出土的佉卢文书反映出公元三至五世纪的南疆地区存在着收养子女的现象。而收养子女并非是无条件的，收养人需要支付一定的“奶费”给送养人。奶费的支付说明：收养子女是一种交易行为，并受到国家法律的保护；养子女被收养之后，与本生之家要彻底脱离关系，完全归属于收养人。收养双方经济利益上的联系也使收养行为变得较为慎重。用于支付的奶费都是一些实物如牲畜，这一方面表明南疆地区畜牧业的发展状况，另一方面表明实物交换方式依然是该时期社会经济生活中的主流现象。 |
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| 关键词： 三至五世纪；南疆地区；佉卢文书；收养子（女）；奶费 |
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An analysis of adopted children’s milk-fee based on Kharosthī documents unearthed in Xinjiang |
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LI Bo |
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（Department of History and Culture, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China） |
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| Abstract: In Kharosthī documents unearthed in the region of Xinjiang reflects a phenomenon of adopted children can be found in the south of Xinjiang from the 3rd to 5th centuries. However, to adopt children was not unconditional, as that the milk-fee must be paid to the adoptee. Paying the milk-fee made the adoption a transaction, and it was protected by the law. The children should be departed thoroughly from the family of their borning, and then completely belonged to the adoption famliy. The contact of economic interests in both sides made the adoption behavior more cautious. The milk-fees were some real cattles. On the one hand, it showed that the animal husbandry got certain development; on the other hand, the exchanging way was still the mainstream phenomenon of the social economic life in the period. |
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Key words: from three to five centuries; the south region of Xinjiang; Kharosthī documents; adopted children; milk-fee |
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