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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2011)04-0068-05 |
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英国古典政治经济学视域中的市民社会与商业文明 |
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项松林 |
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（安徽建筑工业学院法政学院，安徽合肥，230022） |
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| 摘 要： 市民社会从其与政治社会的浑然一体中挣脱与独立出来，离不开工商业与市场的兴起与发展；社会经济生活在由传统农业社会向商业社会的现代转型中，也需要市民社会的发育与成形。对于这两者互为表里的相互关系，休谟、斯密、弗格森、詹姆斯·斯图亚特等苏格兰启蒙学者在政治经济学的框架下，从政府与市场、自由与秩序、私利与公益、财富与德性等层面作了卓有成效的理论思考与思想启蒙，深刻阐发了以商业与市场为载体与空间的市民社会之独立性与自组织性，并从物质上、政治上、精神上积极讴歌了商业文明。而这些论述，对正在进行社会变革中的我国，有着重要的表示意义。 |
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| 关键词： 市民社会；苏格兰启蒙运动；自由；秩序；财富 |
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Dimension of ancient British political economics: focus on the Scottish Enlightenment |
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XIANG Songlin |
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（Department of Law and Politics, Anhui Institution of Architecture and Industry, Hefei 230022, China） |
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| Abstract: Associated with the rise and development of industry, commerce and market, civil society is free and independent from political society. Meanwhile, the transformation from traditional agricultural society to the modern commercial society also needs the forming and development of civil society. As for this mutual relationship, the Scottish Enlightenment scholars like Hume, Smith, Ferguson, James Steaurt, made an effective thinking and enlightenment by discussing the government and the market, freedom and order, private and public welfare, wealth and virtue. They deedly illustrated independence and the self-organizing of civil society, and positively praised commercial civilization in material, political and spiritual side. All this heralded the good economical vision of civil society. |
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Key words: civil society; the Scottish Enlightenment; freedom; order; wealth |
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