|
| 文章编号：1672-3104(2011)03-0099-06 |
| |
|
我国矿山开采管理“三权分立”模式初探 |
| |
康纪田 |
| |
|
（湖南娄底行政学院，湖南娄底，417000） |
| |
| 摘 要： 在矿业发达国家，正在开采的矿山由三种分别独立的基本权利构成：矿产的归属物权、可以开发的特许权和实际开发的探采权，即“三权分立”。矿产物权属排他性支配权，不需行政许可；特许权和探掘权是政府依法管制的市场准入，要经严格许可；其以“三权分立”为基本框架构建整个矿业制度。在我国，是“三权”合一的“一权制”矿业制度，比如采矿许可证是矿的产权证、市场准入证和采矿企业批准书的“一证制”。“一权制”与“一证制”使矿业制度走入困境。应按“三权分立”模式重构我国矿业制度，制定以社会管制为核心的《矿业管理法》。 |
| |
| 关键词： 矿业；特许权；采掘权；矿产物权 |
| |
|
| |
Thoughts on separating rights in mining management in China |
| |
KANG Jitian |
| |
（Loudi Administration Institution, Loudi 417000, China） |
| |
| Abstract: In some foreign countries, mines are constituted by three basic rights: ownership of mineral property, mining concessions and the right of actual mining. Mineral properties are exclusive rights without administrative permission. While concessions and mining rights are under government’s control, for which a strict licensing is indispensable. These three separating rights constitute the whole mining system. In China, the mining system of three rights are merged. Mining permission is a certificate of property, market access certificate and mining of ratification. One right and one certificate system makes mining system hard to go on. China’s mining system should be constituted by separating rights, and the Mining Management Act be formulated by the core of social control. |
| |
Key words: mining; concession rights; mining rights; mineral property |
| |
|
