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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2007)02−0234−07 |
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论“除非”的功能及其句式演变 |
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胡丽珍，雷冬平 |
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（湘潭大学文学与新闻学院，湖南湘潭，411105） |
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| 摘 要： “除非”具有介词和连词两种功能，前者相当于“除了……(以)外 ”，后者引出假设复句中假设实现的充要条件。“除非……不”和“除非……才”两种句式是来源于同一底层结构的否定和肯定式，是“除非”众多句式中的一部分。从句式的历时演变来看，两种句式中的“除非”所具有的连词功能是一致的，并不像有的学者所说前者中的“除非”相当于“除了”，后者相当于“只有”，也不如有人所说两者都相当于“除了”或者都相当于“只有”。 |
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| 关键词： 除非；介词；连词；句式演变 |
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The function and evolvement of the sentence pattern of Chufei(除非) |
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HU Lizhen, LEI Dongping |
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（Literature and Journalism College, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China） |
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| Abstract: “Chufei” functions as both preposition and conjunction. The former equals to “except for”, and the latter brings out the necessary and sufficient conditions of hypothetic bi-sentence. The two sentence patterns of “Chufei(除非)……Bu(不)” and “Chufei(除非)……Cai(才)” came from negative and positive patterns of the same substrate structure, which were two members of many sentence patterns. According to the diachronic evolution of sentence pattern, the function of “Chufei” in these two kinds of sentence patterns is the same thing. Some scholars believe that the former equals to “Chule(除了)”, the latter equals to “Zhiyou(只有)”, even declare that both of them equal to “Chule” or to “Zhiyou”. Their statements are disapproved by the facts cited by the authors of this paper. |
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Key words: chufei; preposition; conjunction; evolvement of sentence pattern. |
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