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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2026)01-0061-13 |
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监察强制措施体系化重构的逻辑阐释与规则完善——以限制人身自由的监察强制措施为中心 |
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喻少如1，唐成余2 |
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（1. 西南政法大学行政法学院，重庆，401120；
2. 西南政法大学纪检监察学院，重庆，401120） |
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| 摘 要： 2024年《监察法》的修改以“构建轻重结合、配套衔接的监察强制措施体系”为导向，通过增设强制到案、责令候查与管护等措施，实现了监察强制措施的体系性重构。“轻重结合、配套衔接”的目标预设，要求重构后的监察强制措施体系应满足措施种类的层次性、措施适用的区分性、措施衔接的融贯性。新《监察法》确立的监察强制措施四元立法配置大致符合以上要求，但仍存在职务违法与职务犯罪一体适用模式不合理的区分性缺陷、一般性短期羁押措施结构性缺失的层次性缺陷，以及留置措施的解除与变更条款缺乏激活机制的融贯性缺陷。对此，可以通过将管护措施重塑为一般性短期羁押措施、确立职务违法与职务犯罪的双轨适用模式、建立留置必要性审查机制等手段予以调适。 |
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| 关键词： 监察强制措施；强制到案；管护；责令候查；留置 |
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Logical interpretation and rule improvement of the systematic reconstruction of supervisory measures: Centered on supervisory enforcement measures of restricting personal freedom |
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YU Shaoru1, TANG Chengyu2 |
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（1. School of Administrative Law, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 401120, China;
2. School of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 401120, China） |
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| Abstract: The 2024 amendment to the Supervision Laws proposes the construction of a system of supervisory enforcement measures that combines light and heavy measures and is coordinated with supporting measures. This will achieve a systematic reconstruction of supervisory enforcement measures through the addition of enforcement measures such as mandatory cases, orders for investigation, and management and protection. The preset goal of “combining light and heavy measures and coordinating them” requires that the reconstructed system of supervisory enforcement measures should meet the hierarchical nature of measures, the differentiation of measure application, and the coherence of measure connection. The four element legislative configuration of supervisory enforcement measures established by the new Supervision Laws generally meets the above requirements, but there are still unreasonable distinguishing defects in the integrated application mode of duty violations and duty crimes, hierarchical defects in the structural deficiency of general short-term detention measures, and the lack of activation mechanism for the release and change clauses of detention measures. This can be adjusted by reshaping the custody measures into general short-term detention measures, establishing a dual track application model for duty violations and duty crimes, and establishing a necessary review mechanism for detention. |
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Key words: supervisory enforcement measures; compulsory attendance at court; management and protection; order to wait for investigation; lien |
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