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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2026)01-0048-13 |
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算法解释权场景化配置的公私法区分与合作——以哈贝马斯的公共领域理论为切入点 |
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阳建勋 |
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（厦门大学法学院，福建厦门，361005） |
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| 摘 要： 从哈贝马斯的公共领域理论切入，可将算法应用区分为公共领域、私人领域与公私融合领域三大场景。公共领域算法解释权是介于消极权利与积极权利之间的公法请求权，其配置理念是基本权利保护优先，其权利主体是基本权利受自动化决策直接或间接不利影响的个人。私人领域算法解释权配置理念是算法效率与算法公平的平衡，其权利主体是与自动化决策者具有特定法律关系且自动化决策对其权益有重大影响的个人。公私融合领域的算法解释权配置应遵循公私法合作理念。以平台经济领域为例，应依据私人领域算法解释权主体的确定规则确定平台自动化决策的算法解释权主体，同时发挥基本权利对平台私权力的控制功能，基于基本权利私人间效力的社会中心范式，调整基本权利限制平台私权力的效力范围与效力强度，厘清算法解释权的内容。 |
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| 关键词： 算法解释权；场景化配置；自动化决策；公私法区分；公私法合作 |
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Distinction and cooperation between public and private laws in the scenario-based configuration of algorithm interpretation rights: Taking Habermas’ public domain theory as the entry point |
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YANG Jianxun |
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（School of Law, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China） |
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| Abstract: Taking Habermas’ public domain theory as the entry point, the application of algorithm can be divided into scenarios such as the public domain, the private domain, and the public-private integration domain. The right to interpret algorithm in the public domain is a public law claim right between negative rights and positive rights. Its configuration concept is to give priority to the protection of basic rights, and its rights subjects are individuals whose basic rights are directly or indirectly adversely affected by automated decision-making. The concept of the allocation of algorithm interpretation right in the private domain is a balance between algorithm efficiency and algorithm fairness. The right holder is an individual who has a specific legal relationship with automated decision-makers and whose automated decisions have a significant impact on their rights and interests. The allocation of algorithm interpretation right in the field of public-private integration should follow the concept of public-private law cooperation. Take the platform economy field as an example. The subject of the algorithm interpretation right for the platform’s automated decision-making should be determined by abiding by the determination rules of the subject of the algorithm interpretation right in the private domain. At the same time, the control function of basic rights over the platform’s private power should be exerted. Based on the social-centered paradigm of the private effect of basic rights, the scope and intensity of the effect of basic rights restricting the platform’s private power should be adjusted, and the content of the algorithm interpretation right should be clarified. |
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Key words: algorithm interpretation right; scenario-based configuration; automated decision-making; distinction between public and private laws; public-private law cooperation |
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