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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)06-0173-12 |
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论事件阐释学的谱系及文论效应 |
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孙云霏 |
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（南开大学文学院，天津，300071） |
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| 摘 要： 20世纪的哲学日益突出“事件”的自行发生、不可预见，对如此这般的事件进行“阐释”便形成“事件阐释学”。文学鲜明地体现出事件性，事件阐释学推动事件哲学向文学理论进一步渗透。在伽达默尔和利科看来，文本的意义来源于读者与文本相遇时在扩大的视域中诞生出新意义，即发生事件，而理解正是这个事件，“事件”与“阐释”在扩大的视域中和谐统一。但在晚近哲学家看来，扩大的视域仍限制了事件，事件的发生却是自主和在先的，事件让视域断裂。这在彻底将“事件”从视域中解放出来的同时，也让“事件”与“阐释”的关系重构，“阐释”转向另一种不依于视域而直接暴露于事件的阐释。经由卡普托、马里翁和罗马诺的发展，“事件”与“阐释”在新的层面上统一于事件的自主自发与主体在对事件的体验中重塑自己。对文学事件的阐释也经历了从读者在扩大的视域中获得新理解，到读者源初地接受文学事件，让其对自身产生效应并转变和生成的过程。 |
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| 关键词： 事件；阐释学；视域；主体；文学理论 |
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On the genealogy of evential hermeneutics and its effects on literary theory |
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SUN Yunfei |
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（School of Literature, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China） |
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| Abstract: Philosophy of the twentieth century increasingly highlights the self-occurrence and unpredictability of “event”, so much so that “interpretation” of such an event forms “evential hermeneutics”. Literature distinctly demonstrates eventuality and the evential hermeneutics promotes the further infiltration of event philosophy into literary theory. In the eyes of Gadamer and Ricoeur, the meaning of the text comes from the emergence of a new meaning in the expanded horizon when the reader meets the text, that is, the occurrence of the event, and understanding is precisely this event. “Event” and “interpretation” are in harmony and unity in the expanded horizon. But in the view of recent philosophers, the expanded horizon still restricts the event. The occurrence of the event is autonomous and prior, and the event causes the horizon to break. This, while completely liberating the “event” from the horizon, also allows the relationship between “event” and “interpretation” to be reconstructed. And “interpretation” turns to another kind of interpretation that is directly exposed to the event without relying on the horizon. Through the developments by Caputo, Marion and Romano, “event” and “interpretation” are unified at a new level in the autonomy and spontaneity of the event and the subject’s reshaping of itself in the experience of the event. The interpretation of literary events also undergoes a process from the reader’s obtaining a new understanding in the expanded horizon to the reader’s originally accepting literary events, allowing them to have an effect on themselves and transform and become. |
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Key words: event; hermeneutics; horizon; subject; literary theory |
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