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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)05-0155-14 |
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撤县并县VS大部制改革：人口小县改革的路径选择 |
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高进1，刘聪2 |
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（1. 东北大学文法学院，辽宁沈阳，110169；
2. 北京航空航天大学公共管理学院，北京，100191） |
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| 摘 要： 稳妥推进人口小县机构优化是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的重要举措。以人口小县为分析对象，在全面解析人口小县治理困境的基础上，聚焦撤县并县与大部制改革两种路径的利弊比较与优化选择，为人口小县改革路径选择提供决策参考。人口小县普遍面临规模不经济、行政效能不高、财力保障不足等问题，优化行政管理是破解小县治理困境的必由之路。撤县并县有利于发挥规模效应，但可能弱化基层自主权；大部制改革有利于强化部门协同，但若放权不到位则可能引发新的协调问题。为此，人口小县改革需要根据地方实际，差异化选择改革路径；统筹推进行政管理、财政体制等配套改革；动态评估改革绩效，及时调整优化，打通人口小县治理过程中的堵点、痛点、难点，为助推国家治理体系和治理能力现代化提供智力支持。 |
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| 关键词： 人口小县；撤县并县；大部制改革；县域治理 |
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Withdrawing and combining counties vs super ministry system reform: The choice of the reform path in counties with a small population |
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GAO Jin1, LIU Cong2 |
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（1. School of Humanities and Law, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
2. School of Public Administration, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China） |
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| Abstract: Smoothly promoting the optimization of counties with a small population is an important measure to further deepen the reform and promote the Chinese-style modernization. Taking counties with small population as the object of analysis, this research comprehensively analyzes the governance predicaments of counties with a small population and focuses on the comparison of advantages and disadvantages and the optimized choice between the two paths of withdrawing and combining counties and super ministry system reform, hence providing decision-making references for the reform path selection of counties with a small population. Counties with a small population are generally faced with such problems as poor scale, low administrative efficiency and insufficient financial guarantee, and optimizing administrative management is the only way to solve the governance dilemma of small counties. Withdrawing and combining counties is conducive to exerting scale effect, but may weaken the autonomy of grassroots, while the super ministry system reform is conducive to strengthening departmental coordination, causing new coordination problems. So, the reform of counties with a small population needs to choose the reform path differentially according to different local realities, to comprehensively promote the supporting reform of administrative management and financial system, dynamically evaluate the reform performance and timely adjustment and optimization, get through the blocking points, pain points and difficulties in the governance process of small population counties, and provide intellectual support for the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. |
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Key words: counties with a small population; withdrawing and combining counties; super ministry system reform; county governance |
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