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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)05-0070-14 |
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算法权利证成研究——基于实践逻辑与理论逻辑 |
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江必新1，王鑫1, 2 |
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（1. 湖南大学法学院，湖南长沙，410082；
2. 博洛尼亚大学法学院，意大利博洛尼亚，40121） |
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| 摘 要： 证成算法权利是算法权利迈向法定权利的必由之路，也是其成为我国人工智能法基本范畴的理论前提。算法权利证成的过程可以分为两步：一是从实践逻辑出发，证成算法权利的事实性存在。在实践层面上，算法权利表现为一项独立的新兴权利。因此，这部分的证成重点围绕“新兴性”展开。二是从理论逻辑出发，分别从概念、价值、规范三个层面对其进行证成。在概念层面上，通过证成算法权利的概念具有“可计算性”，从而证明其概念具有独立性；在价值层面上，应论证算法权利具有价值正当性，这是算法权利被人类社会广泛认可的价值基础；在规范层面上，应证成算法权利具有合法性，从而证明其能被现有法律体系所容纳。 |
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| 关键词： 算法权利；新兴权利；基本权利；可计算理论；权利理论；人工智能法 |
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Justifying the algorithmic right: A study based on both practical and theoretical logic |
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JIANG Bixin1, WANG Xin1, 2 |
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（1. School of Law, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
2. School of Law, University of Bologna, Bologna 40121, Italy） |
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| Abstract: The justification of the algorithmic right is a necessary precondition for its transformation into a legally recognized right and for its establishment as a fundamental category within China’s AI legal framework. This justificatory process can be divided into two stages. First, from the practical perspective, the factuality of algorithmic right exists. At the practical level, it has already manifested as an independent and emerging right. Therefore, this stage of justification focuses on its “emergence” as a key indicator of its independent legal status. Second, from the theoretical perspective, the algorithmic right should be justified on three dimensions: conceptual, axiological, and normative. At the conceptual level, the justification lies in demonstrating that the right is “computable,” that is, it can be formalized and modeled, thereby confirming its conceptual distinctiveness. At the value level, it is necessary to prove that the right possesses “value legitimacy”, providing normative grounds for its acceptance by human society. At the normative level, the justification must demonstrate that the right is “legally legitimate”, meaning it can be accommodated within the existing legal system. These two stages of justification together lay the theoretical foundation for the algorithmic right to become a codified legal right and a core component of China's future legal responses to artificial intelligence. |
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Key words: algorithmic right; emerging right; fundamental rights; computational theory; theory of rights; AI law |
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