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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)04-0128-15 |
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全生命周期视角下我国关键金属循环利用的环境影响和成本效应研究——以废旧手机为例 |
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何朋蔚1，彭亚山1，潘咏怀1，冯海波2 |
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（1. 上海理工大学管理学院，上海，200093；
2. 不列颠哥伦比亚大学森林学院，温哥华， V6T 1Z4） |
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| 摘 要： 随着国际竞争的日益加剧，关键金属资源供应链安全已成为重要的国家战略议题。废旧手机中关键金属的循环利用，不仅能够有效缓解环境压力，也是保障资源安全供应的重要途径。基于生命周期评价法(LCA)与生命周期成本法(LCC)，利用国内外相关文献、行业报告及数据库资料，对我国废旧手机中关键金属回收利用的环境影响与经济成本进行定量分析与对比，构建从废旧手机回收到材料提炼及最终处置的全生命周期分析框架，引入模糊模型以降低数据的不确定性。研究发现，相较于废旧功能手机，废旧智能手机关键金属回收过程的环境影响更为显著；以废旧手机回收金属替代原生关键金属资源在环境保护方面更具优势；废旧智能手机的回收处理成本虽高于废旧功能手机，但其所含关键金属的回收价值亦更高。因此，推动废旧手机，尤其是废旧智能手机的回收利用，并提高关键金属的回收效率，不仅能带来显著的环境效益，也能创造可观的经济收益。 |
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| 关键词： 生命周期；废旧手机；关键金属；循环利用；供应链安全 |
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On environmental impact and cost analysis of critical metal recycling in China from the perspective of a whole life cycle: Taking waste mobile phones as an example |
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HE Pengwei1, PENG Yashan1, PAN Yonghuai1, FENG Haibo2 |
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（1. School of Business, University of Shanghai for Science & Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
2. Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada） |
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| Abstract: With the rise of intensifying international competition, securing the supply chain of critical metals has emerged as an important national strategic issue. The recycling of critical metals from waste mobile phones not only effectively alleviates environmental pressure but also serves as an essential approach to ensuring resource security. By employing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) methodologies, this study quantitatively analyzes and compares the environmental impacts and economic costs associated with recycling critical metals from waste mobile phones in China, based on relevant domestic and international literature, industry reports, and database resources. The study establishes a full life-cycle analytical framework spanning collection, material extraction, and final disposal of waste mobile phones, integrating a fuzzy model to mitigate data uncertainties. The findings indicate that the recycling of critical metals from discarded smartphones imposes a greater environmental impact compared to feature phones, and that meanwhile, replacing primary critical metals with those recovered from waste phones yields significant environmental benefits. Although the recycling costs of discarded smartphones exceed those of feature phones, the recovery value of critical metals in smartphones is considerably higher. Therefore, promoting the recycling of discarded mobile phones and enhancing the recovery rate of critical metals, particularly from smartphones, can deliver substantial environmental and economic benefits. |
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Key words: life cycle; waste mobile phones; critical metals; recycling; supply chain security |
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