地方政府处置问题金融机构职责的法律重构/中南大学学报--社会科学版-免费论文下载/阅读

中南大学学报(社会科学版)
ZHONGNAN DAXUE XUEBAO(SHEHUI KEXUE BAN)

2025年07月第31卷第4期


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文章编号：1672-3104(2025)04-0054-14

地方政府处置问题金融机构职责的法律重构

刘志伟，王一凡

（西南政法大学金融创新与法制研究中心，重庆，401120；中国政法大学民商经济法学院，北京，100088）

摘要：地方政府处置问题金融机构之职责经历了从“名实不符”的辅助性职责向“实质性”属地风险处置责任的转向。法律规范之所以逐渐对此予以确认，源于激励地方政府积极作为、防范金融风险外溢转化和遏制地方政府不当干预的三重功能预设。但实践中的属地风险处置责任的履行却发生了偏差，三重预设功能分别转变为行动越位、刚性维稳和奖励干预。从职责的内在构成来看，这根源于决策责任的风险负荷过载、执行责任的范围边界模糊和监督责任的双向制约失衡。对此，应基于完全性属地管理维系属地风险处置责任以完成职责外在形态的塑造，并以统筹协调为核心锚定决策、执行和监督责任从而实现职责内在属性的重构。

关键词：属地责任；问题金融机构处置；风险处置；地方金融



The legal reconstruction of the responsibility by local governments in dealing with problematic financial institutions

LIU Zhiwei, WANG Yifan

（Financial Innovation and Legal Research Center, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 401120, China; Civil, Commercial and Economic Law School, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088, China）

Abstract: The responsibilities of local governments in dealing with problematic financial institutions have shifted from an “in-name-only” auxiliary role to a “substantive” local-risk-management responsibility. The gradual confirmation of this by legal norms stems from the triple functional assumptions of motivating local governments to act proactively, preventing the spillover and transformation of financial risks, and curbing improper local government intervention. However, in practice, the fulfillment of local risk management responsibilities has deviated, with the three functional assumptions respectively transforming into overstepping of actions, rigid stability maintenance, and rewarding of intervention. Judging from the internal composition of responsibilities, this is rooted in the overloading of risk burden in decision-making responsibilities, the ambiguity of the scope and boundaries of execution responsibilities, and the imbalance of two-way constraints in supervisory responsibilities. To address this, it is necessary to maintain local risk management responsibilities based on complete local management to shape the external form of responsibilities, and to anchor decision-making, execution, and supervisory responsibilities with coordinated planning as the core to achieve the reconstruction of the internal attributes of responsibilities.

Key words: territorial liability; disposal of problematic financial institutions; risk disposal; local finance

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