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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)04-0011-10 |
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牟宗三的哲学理路再探 |
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陈清春，蒋丽英 |
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（山西大学哲学学院，山西太原，030006） |
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| 摘 要： 自牟宗三以中国传统哲学消化康德、黑格尔理论并建构自身哲学体系以来，学界便在其哲学理路的判定上产生了诸多争论。结合牟宗三整个哲学体系的建构历程，以明物之存在为理论主线，以两层存有论的根本预设(现象与物自身的超越区分、人虽有限而可无限)为判定依据，可以发现牟宗三哲学体系中存在两种儒家式的论证理路：一是阳明心学式的主体一元论理路，二是《中庸》《易传》式的道气二元论理路。由于无限心与道、有限心与气之间皆不为一、不是一，且两种理路论证物之如何存在的具体方式也存在着差异，因而这两种明物之存在的儒家理路不仅在根本上是不同的，而且使得牟宗三所要建构的圆融为一的哲学体系面临着内部分裂。 |
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| 关键词： 牟宗三；明物之存在；哲学理路；主体；道气 |
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Reexamining Mou Zongsan’s philosophical path |
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CHEN Qingchun, JIANG Liying |
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（School of Philosophy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China） |
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| Abstract: Since Mou Zongsan built his own philosophy system by digesting Kant’s and Hegel’s theories into traditional Chinese philosophy, there have been many controversies in the academic circle on the rational judgment of Mou Zongsan’s philosophical path. Combining the construction process of Mou Zongsan’s entire philosophical system, taking the main line of “Explaining the Existence of Things” as the theoretic perspective，and taking the two fundamental presuppositions of the existence theory system (transcendental distinction between phenomena and things themselves, and the idea that men can be also infinite although finite) as the judging basis, it can be found that there are the following two Confucian paths in Mou Zongsan’s philosophy: One is the subject monism under the paradigm of Yangming’s philosophy of the Mind, and the other is the Dao-Qi Dualism under the paradigm of The Doctrine of the Mean and Yi Zhuan. Owing to the non-unity between the infinite mind and Tao, and between the limited mind and Qi, and because of differences in the concrete process of demonstrating how things exist between the two paths of rational ways , the two Confucian philosophical paths of Mou’s “Explaining the Existence of Things” are not only fundamentally different, but also make the monistic philosophical system that Mou Zongsan wants to construct face the suspicion of internal split. |
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Key words: Mou Zongsan; “Explaining the Existence of Things”; philosophical path; subject; Dao-Qi |
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