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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)02-0117-15 |
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数字平台权力法律规制的法理基础与制度建构 |
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杨清望，王海英 |
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（中南大学法学院，湖南长沙，410083） |
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| 摘 要： 在数字时代，数字平台凭借技术优势获得了对用户的支配性地位，形成了事实上的权力，即平台权力。平台权力作为一种新型权力，改变了传统的权力获取方式、结构模式和行使手段等，打破了以权利制约权力的现代法律制度设计。因此，依法有效规制数字平台权力，必须立基于新的权力结构，遵循权力监督的基本原理，完善平台权力治理体系。就优化治理格局而言，需要形成“公民权利—私权力—公权力”的三元权力结构，并由此构建三方互动制约的综合治理模式。就完善治理理念而言，应依据不同类型基本权利的价值位阶，确定平台权力的义务范围、对公民基本权利设置不同的保护方式、坚持基本权利第三人效力的有限适用。就完善治理途径而言，需要完善对算法的内外部双重监管制度、限制平台的自我赋权、设定平台的实体性和程序性公法义务，实现对平台自我监管的规制。 |
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| 关键词： 数字平台权力；权力结构理论；基本权利；数字正当程序；公法义务 |
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The legal regulation of the power of digital platforms: Jurisprudential basis and system construction |
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YANG Qingwang, WANG Haiying |
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（School of Law, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China） |
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| Abstract: In the Digital Age, digital platforms have gained a dominant position over user behaviors with advantages in information and technology, hence becoming the factual power named platform power. Platform power, as a new form of power, has changed the traditional way of acquiring power, model of power structure and method of exercising power, and has also broken modern legal system design that rights regulate power. Therefore, to legally and effectively regulate the power of the digital platform, we must establish fundamental principles which are based on new power structure and adhere to power supervision, and must improve platform power supervision system. In terms of optimizing governance pattern, we must form the triad power structure of “civil rights- private power- public power,” constructing the comprehensive governance model for the three parties to regulate each other. In terms of perfecting governance ideas, we should, according to the value levels of different types of basic rights, specify the liability range of platform power, configurate various methods of protecting citizens’ basic rights, insists on the limited application of the third-party effect of fundamental rights. In terms of perfecting governing means, we must improve the internal-external dual supervision system of the algorithm, restrict self-empowerment of the platform, configurate its entity nature and its public law obligation of due procedure, hence realizing the regulation of of the self-supervision of the platform. |
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Key words: the power of digital platforms; power structure theory; fundamental rights; digital due procedure; public law obligation |
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