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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)01-0228-09 |
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马克思阶级意识的在场方式与革命逻辑 |
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潘鑫，包大为 |
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（浙江大学马克思主义学院，浙江杭州，310058） |
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| 摘 要： 马克思的阶级意识是否出场始终是教条主义和经验主义解读的论辩焦点。由于其有所遮蔽的出场方式，马克思的阶级意识或是被教条主义推断为经济基础的自然产物，或是被经验主义消解了其革命性。但是，阶级意识已然在马克思思想中出场并持续在场。马克思用政治经济学批判辨识出阶级意识的现实基础，并通过唯物史观解构资产阶级意识形态，进而在实然和应然、批判和澄明中实现了阶级意识的多维度出场；剧场隐喻中始终在场的阶级意识是主体对历史的真正介入。马克思的阶级意识既是对各类名义的阶级意识主张的唯物史观调查，亦是破解当前无产阶级意识难题的理论根源。 |
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| 关键词： 马克思；阶级意识；在场；革命逻辑；意识形态 |
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The presence and revolutionary logic of Marx’s class consciousness |
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PAN Xin, BAO Dawei |
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（School of Marxism, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058） |
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| Abstract: The emergence of Marx’s class consciousness has always been the focus of debate between dogmatism and empiricism. Because of its veiled form of appearance, Marx’s class consciousness was either inferred by dogmatism as the natural product of the economic base, or subjected to the elimination of the revolution by the supremacy of experience. However, class consciousness has already appeared in Marx’s thought and continues to be present. Marx identified the realistic basis of class consciousness with the criticism of political economy, and analyzed the bourgeois ideology through historical materialism, and then realized the multi-dimensional appearance of class consciousness in the unification of reality and necessity, criticism and clarification. The class consciousness always present in the theater metaphor is the real intervention of the subject to history. Marx’s class consciousness is not only a historical materialist survey of all kinds of nominal class consciousness claims, but also a theoretical search for the root of solving the problem of proletarian consciousness at present. |
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Key words: Marx; class consciousness; presence; revolutionary logic; ideology |
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