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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2025)01-0216-12 |
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晚期罗马帝国与周边“蛮族”外交互动的机制及其特征 |
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董晓佳 |
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（湖北大学历史文化学院，湖北武汉，430062） |
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| 摘 要： 罗马帝国晚期，帝国与周边“蛮族”存在着长期而广泛的外交互动。在这种互动中，罗马皇帝与“蛮族”首领或国王一般扮演着中心角色，双方共同构成了晚期罗马帝国与周边“蛮族”外交互动的轴心。与此同时，罗马帝国的地方官员、边疆将领、主教以及“蛮族”政权的将领或官员均是外交活动的参与者，他们的通信与谈判一方面构成了双方外交互动的重要组成部分，另一方面，其效果与效力由于缺乏权威而受到限制。晚期罗马帝国与周边“蛮族”进行外交互动时的核心特征为理想主义与实用主义并存。在大多数情况下，双方的外交互动体现出浓厚的实用主义色彩，但理想主义外交不时对帝国命运与历史进程产生一定程度的影响。 |
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| 关键词： 晚期罗马帝国；“蛮族”；外交机制 |
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Diplomatic interaction mechanism and its features of the late Roman Empire with the surrounding “barbarians” |
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DONG Xiaojia |
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（School of History and Culture, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China） |
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| Abstract: During the late Roman Empire, the empire had a long-term and wide diplomatic interaction with the surrounding “barbarian, s”. In such interactions, the emperors and the chieftains or kings of the “barbarians” generally played the central roles, who mutually constituted the axis of the diplomatic interaction between the late Roman Empire and the surrounding “barbarians”. At the same time, the magistrates, the generals in the frontiers, the bishops of the Roman Empire and the generals or officials of the regime of the “barbarians” were also participants in the diplomatic activities. On the one hand, their correspondences and negotiations were a significant factor to the diplomatic interaction. On the other hand, the validity and effectiveness of these correspondences and negotiations were limited because of the lack of authority. And the core feature of the diplomatic interactive of the late Roman Empire with the surrounding “barbarians” was the coexistence of the idealism and realism. In most cases, the diplomatic interactions between them were manifested in the strong color of pragmatism, but idealistic diplomacy, from time to time, exerted effects, to a certain extent, on the empire’s fate and historical progress. |
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Key words: late Roman Empire; “barbarians”; diplomatic mechanism |
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