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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2024)06-0158-10 |
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资本主义治理逻辑的历史性考察——基于马克思主义政治经济学视角 |
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王鸿宇1，蓝江2 |
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（1. 中南大学马克思主义学院，湖南长沙，410083；
2. 南京大学哲学学院，江苏南京，210023） |
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| 摘 要： 政治经济学不仅是研究国民财富性质和原因的学问，也是以经济逻辑为基础的政治治理理论。对现代资产阶级社会进行最初理论研究的重商主义从流通领域的交换关系出发把金银货币看作财富的唯一形式，为了国民财富的增长和国家实力的增强，主张国家政治治理干预和控制社会经济生活，试图建构社会存在之“人为秩序”。当政治经济学从重农主义发展到亚当·斯密，生产领域中劳动的财富价值逐渐得到指认，自由的生产要求自由的交换与流通，反映在政治层面为“治理的自然主义”。资产阶级自由主义经济学催生了风险社会，并不断危及资本主义制度本身。从马克思主义政治经济学视角考察资本主义治理谱系，不仅为厘清资本主义治理逻辑的历史嬗变提供了独特的审视路径，还有助于揭示政治经济学的隐秘治理效应，进而可以形成对资产阶级政治经济学的总体性批判。 |
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| 关键词： 资本主义治理；重商主义；重农主义；自由主义 |
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Historical examination of the governance logic of capitalism: Based on the perspective of Marxist political economics |
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WANG Hongyu1, LAN Jiang2 |
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（1. School of Marxism, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China） |
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| Abstract: Political Economics is not merely a discipline of studying the nature and causes of national wealth, but also a theory of political governance based on economic logic. Mercantilism, the initial theoretical study of modern bourgeois society, starts from the exchange relations in the circulation field, regarding gold and silver currencies as the sole form of wealth. To boost national wealth and to enhance state power, it advocates state intervention in political governance and control of social economic life, attempting to construct the "artificial order" of social existence. As political economics evolves from mercantilism to Adam Smith, the wealth value of labor in the production sector is gradually recognized. Free production requires free exchange and circulation, which is reflected politically as "naturalistic governance." Bourgeois liberal economics gave impetus to the risk society, and continuously endangered the capitalist system itself. Examining the lineage of capitalist governance from the perspective of Marxist political economy not only provides a unique scrutiny path for clarifying the historical changes in the logic of capitalist governance but also helps reveal the hidden governance effects of political economy, ultimately achieving a comprehensive critique of bourgeois political economy. |
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Key words: capitalist governance; mercantilism; physiocracy; liberalism |
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