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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2024)05-0218-13 |
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《坎特伯雷故事·总引》骑士叙事的文学地理考论 |
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石小军，董赛 |
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（对外经济贸易大学英语学院，北京，100029） |
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| 摘 要： 早在中世纪，希格登和博韦等史学家就明确指出历史和地理是“人类事务”的时空两面，二者集合为一体，共同作用于整个社会。现代中外学者建立的文学地理研究框架和范式似乎即承袭于前人的这一社会认识论，具体包括文本在历史、现实层面展现的空间语境和其所再生出的地理图像及意指。研究聚焦《坎特伯雷故事·总引》中的骑士形象，一方面以中世纪相关历史文献为依托，考察了“总引”骑士叙事所折射出的历史真实性和文学创作性；另一方面又以中世纪“加泰罗尼亚地图册”为背景，复原骑士挺近圣地的“向心”继而远赴东北欧的“离心”两段征战轨迹。研究表明，骑士作战轨迹可以复原为一个四方环绕基督世界的圆形“十字架光环”，似乎意指骑士追随基督以期获取救赎的精神世界，这一定程度上也显示了乔叟文学创作之严谨匠心。 |
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| 关键词： 文学地理；中世纪史籍和地图；乔叟；《坎特伯雷故事·总引》；骑士 |
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On the literary and geography of knight narration in the |
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SHI Xiaojun, DONG Sai |
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（School of International Studies, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China） |
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| Abstract: As early as the Middle Ages, historians like Ranulf Higden and Vincent de Beauvais pointed out that history and geography are two inseparable dimensions of "human affairs", forming a single entity that influences society. The framework and paradigms of Literary Geography—a research field established by both modern Chinese and foreign scholars—seem to be based on this social epistemology, which include the spatial contexts presented in texts on both historical and realistic levels, and the geographical images and implications that the contexts generate. This study focuses on the knight in the "General Prologue" of The Canterbury Tales. On the one hand, it relies on relevant medieval historical documents to explore the relationship between historical authenticity and literary creativity according to Chaucer's depiction of the knight. On the other hand, using the medieval "Catalan Atlas" as a base map, it reconstructs the knight’s two-fold crusading itineraries: first, the "centripetal" journey toward the Holy Land, and then, the "centrifugal" expedition to north-eastern Europe. These itineraries form a "Cruciform halo" surrounding Christendom on the map, reflecting the knight’s spirituality in serving Christ as a way of salvation. It is in this way that Chaucer's rigor and ingenuity in his literary creation are seen. |
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Key words: literary geography; medieval historical documents and maps; Chaucer; |
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