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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2024)04-0079-13 |
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无息借款与受贿罪的成立 |
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陈家林，王成星 |
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（武汉大学法学院，湖北武汉，430072） |
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| 摘 要： 关于国家工作人员向他人无息借款是否成立受贿罪，我国刑法及司法解释均无明确规定，实践中对此类案件的定性也存在较大分歧。化解分歧的关键是准确把握受贿罪“权钱交易”之本质。无息借款中被免去的利息能够被评价为刑法意义上的财物。对“为他人谋取利益”的认定，应以一般人观念为判断基准，结合借贷双方的关系、利息数额的大小及借贷双方与他人的借款情况等因素，综合判断“无息借款中免去的利息”与“为他人谋取利益”是否存在对价关系。若对价关系成立，实行的着手应具体情况具体判断：退还或免除利息、约定或推定无息、特定关系人借款的着手时点分别为接收财物或作出意思表示时、借款合同生效时、可能退还或上交财物的最初时点。若对价关系不成立，则无息借款属正常的民间借贷行为。 |
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| 关键词： 无息借款；受贿罪；为他人谋取利益；权钱交易；对价关系 |
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Interest-free loan and conditions of bribery crime |
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CHEN Jialin, WANG Chengxing |
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（School of Law, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China） |
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| Abstract: About the issue whether the state-functionary officials who borrow money from others without any interest commit bribery, there are no stipulations whether in China’s Criminal Law or judicial interpretations, and in practice there also exist tremendous disparities over the qualitative nature of such cases. The key to dissolving such disparities is to grasp the essence of “trading between money and rights”. Interest exempted from borrowed money without interest should be regarded as property in the sense of criminal law. For the certification of “securing benefit for others”, the basic judging criterion should be decided by average people’s view, combined with the relation between lenders and borrowers, the amount of the interest, the loaning and borrowing of the two parties from other people, and the like, so as to make sure whether there is a consideration relationship between “interest-free loan” and “securing benefit for others”. If the relationship persists, it is important to regard the “initiation of execution” and make specific judgements according to specific circumstances：returning or exempting interest, appointing or presuming no-interest, whether the time when the specific borrower borrows is respectively the original time when the money or the intention is revealed, when the contract comes into effect, or may be returned and submitted. If the relationship does not persist, interest-free loan is perfectly legal, belonging to normal loaning and borrowing among the folks. |
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Key words: interest-free loan; bribery; securing benefit for others; trading between money and rights; consideration relationship |
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