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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2024)02-0194-11 |
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数字化文学批评的“话体”特质及其反思 |
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杨瑞峰 |
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（兰州大学文学院，甘肃兰州，730020；
复旦大学中国语言文学系，上海，200433） |
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| 摘 要： “话体”特质指支撑诗话、词话、文话等话体批评不断发展裂变的文体特性，它以开放性为核心表征，主要经由文本结构和批评内容两个层面得以显现。在数字化文学批评中，“话体”特质得到了拓展：首先，批评主体的群属身份进一步多元化，话体批评作者多为士人群体，他们通过辑录前人言论阐扬自己的批评观念，使得批评文本带有“多重主体性”，而数字化批评作者群已扩大至普通网民，同一文本空间往往并置着多重声音，因而带有“共生主体性”；其次，话体批评中潜在的“对话”意识在数字化批评中衍化成了一种切实影响文学批评整体风貌的重要因素；最后，数字化批评中，批评话语的碎片化、文学性特征较之话体批评更为突出，且可以不断实现话语增殖。话体批评所张扬的“话体”特质，启发人们立足数字化文学批评的现实语境，探索碎片化批评话语的价值，反思文学创作与文学批评的关系变革。 |
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| 关键词： “话体”特质；开放性；数字化；对话意识；碎片化 |
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The "conversation-style" feature of digital literary criticism and its reflection |
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YANG Ruifeng |
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（School of Chinese Language and Literature, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
Department of Chinese Literature, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China） |
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| Abstract: The "conversation-style" feature refers to the ever-developing and transforming style characteristics that support the discourse criticism in various genres such as poetry, Ci, and prose, and with openness being its core feature, it is primarily presented through two aspects: text structure and the content. In digital literary criticism, the "conversation-style" feature has been expanded. Firstly, the identities of the critic groups have further diversified, with the conversation-style critics mostly belonging to the literati group who expresses their critical viewpoints by compiling previous opinions, which renders the text with the "multi-subjectivity". Yet for digital criticism, the author group has expanded to include ordinary net users, and multiple voices are often juxtaposed in the same text space, thus having the "co-existential subjectivity". Secondly, in digital criticism, the implicit "conversation" consciousness in conversation-style criticism has evolved into a critical factor that exerts significant influences on the overall appearance of literary criticism. Lastly, in digital criticism, the fragmentation of critical discourse and its literariness are more prominent compared to the conversation-style criticism, and discourse regeneration can be continuously achieved. The promotion of the "conversation-style" feature in "conversation-style" criticism inspires us to explore the value of fragmented critical discourse and to reflect on the changing relationship between literary creation and literary criticism by basing our research on the realistic context of digital literary criticism. |
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Key words: The "conversation-style" feature; openness; digitalization; dialogue consciousness; fragmentation |
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