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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2020)06-0022-11 |
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从阅读到生产：走向新诠释学的阿尔都塞——兼论马克思主义诠释学的建构 |
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王凯立 |
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（厦门大学哲学系，福建厦门，361005） |
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| 摘 要： 为了与西方马克思主义的黑格尔传统相决裂，阿尔都塞提出了自己全新的解释理论。这套理论不仅是解释马克思主义哲学的新方法，同时还可普遍化为一套新诠释学。具体而言，阿尔都塞的新诠释学以症候阅读理论为逻辑起点，在方法论诠释学层面包含了“问题式的揭示”与“场所变换”，在哲学诠释学层面以“结构即结合”与“诠释即生产”的观念为核心。总体而言，阿尔都塞的新诠释学围绕“问题式原则”“结构性原则”“生产原则”展开，并从一个完全异于“施莱尔马赫—伽达默尔”诠释学的问题式出发，重新处理了关于诠释的诸多重要议题，为建构马克思主义诠释学带来了启发。 |
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| 关键词： 阿尔都塞；马克思主义诠释学；症候阅读；问题式；结构；生产 |
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Althusser’s neo-hermeneutics from reading to production: Concurrently discussing the construction of Marxist hermeneutics |
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WANG Kaili |
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（The Department of Philosophy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China） |
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| Abstract: In order to break away from the Hegelian tradition of Western Marxism, Althusser puts forward his own brand-new theory of interpreting texts. This set of theory not only provides a new method of interpreting Marxist philosophy, but also can be generalized as neo-hermeneutics. Specifically, Althusser's neo-hermeneutics takes the theory of symptomatic reading as the logic start, and includes two interpretation measures at the layer of methodological hermeneutics, that is, "the revelation of problematic" and "the change of terrain", and at the layer of philosophical hermeneutics, and takes two ideas of "structure as combination" and "hermeneutic motion as production" as the theoretical core. All in all, Althusser's neo-hermeneutics revolves around “the principle of problematic”, “the principle of structure” and “the principle of production”, and re-solves many profound hermeneutic problems from a new prospective, starting with a problematic style completely differing from the hermeneutic tradition from Schleiermacher to Gadamer, which inspires the construction of Marxist hermeneutics. |
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Key words: Althusser; Marxist hermeneutics; symptomatic reading; problematic; structure; production |
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