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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2020)02-0119-13 |
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行政问责力度的测量与分析：基于2003—2017年重特大矿难的数据 |
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李华君，王臻荣 |
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（山西大学政治与公共管理学院，山西太原，030006） |
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| 摘 要： 基于多源流理论，提出了行政问责力度的分析框架。借助官网提供的2003—2017年重特大矿难事故的追责数据，测量了行政问责力度的水平，检验了政治源流、成本-收益顾虑如何影响问责力度的形成。研究发现，第一，行政问责力度整体水平处于较轻、中等、偏重三个居中的等级；第二，事故吸睛度对问责力度产生同向影响；第三，职务层次间权力依赖与责任抵替性的权责分配格局导致追责高级职务层次会提升整体问责力度；第四，为了平衡培养官员的巨额成本、官员忠诚度与维护国家权威间的矛盾，严厉的问责力度向基层职务下沉。由此认为，行政问责力度不存在畸轻畸重的特点，回应社会的需要、政治系统重视程度、行政发包模式以及管理成本的考虑使其弹性范围在较轻到偏重之间调整，这一结果在达到宏观理性的同时损失了微观层面的公平价值。研究为理解行政问责力度的形成增辟了视角，但是还需要寻找新的影响因素完善理论模型，在其他问责领域被验证。 |
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| 关键词： 行政问责力度；重特大矿难；多源流理论；政治源流 ；成本-收益顾虑 |
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Measurement and analysis of administrative accountability strength: Based on the data of super heavy and severe coalmine accidents from 2003 to 2017 |
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LI Huajun, WANG Zhenrong |
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（School of Political and Public Administration, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China） |
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| Abstract: Based on the perspective of multi-streams theory, the present essay proposes an analytical framework for the intensity of administrative accountability. With the help of the accountability data from the official website from 2003 to 2017, the paper measures the level of the intensity of administrative accountability, and tests the impact of political sources and cost-benefit concerns on it. The research yields the following findings. First, administrative accountability as a whole can be at three levels of being respectively lighter, medium and heavier. Second, the “suck eyeball” effect of accidents has the concurrent impact on the intensity of accountability. Third, the power allocation architecture consisting of the power dependence and responsibility substitution among the job levels will lead to the fact that the more senior positions there are, the more severe the punishment for all the accountable civil servants will be. And forth, in order to balance the huge cost of cultivating officials, officials’ loyalty and maintaining national authority, the severe accountability intensity is lowered to the grass-roots position. Therefore, this study holds that there is no extremity of administrative accountability. Responding to the need of the society, the concerns of the party or the state, the governance mode of “administrative contracting” and considerations of management cost allow administrative accountability strength to range from lighter to heavier elasticity. Although this accountability strategy has macroscopic rationality, it damages the political value of fairness and justice at the micro-level. This study provides an additional perspective for understanding the formation of administrative accountability strength, but new influencing factors still need to be found to improve the theoretical model, and the characters of administrative accountability in other fields need to be verified. |
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Key words: administrative accountability; super heavy and severe coalmine accidents; multi-streams theory; political streams; cost-benefit concerns |
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