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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2020)01-0065-10 |
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论人权论证的三种范式 |
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周刚志 |
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（中南大学法学院，湖南长沙，410012） |
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| 摘 要： 人权论证的范式即“人权正当性之理论证成的基础、路径与模式”。马克思恩格斯高度重视“人”本身的社会性和阶级性，强调“权利”理论本身的历史性与民族性。根据各国在不同文化背景下形成的人权观，我们可以将“人权论证理论”概括为“超验人权观”“经验人权观”与“先验人权观”等三种范式。中国传统文化中，“至诚尽性，与天地参”的“人性论”内含“人权主体资格之原理”；“和而不同，化成天下”的“天下观”，可以构成“国际人权理念及规范”之理论渊源。当今时代，在马克思主义理论指导下，继承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的人权话语体系正在形成之中。 |
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| 关键词： 人权论证；超验人权观；经验人权观；先验人权观 |
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On three paradigms of human rights justification |
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ZHOU Gangzhi |
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（School of Law , Central South University,Changsha 410082 ,China） |
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| Abstract: Theparadigms of human rights justification refer to "the basis, path and mode of theoretical justifications of human rights". Marx and Engels attached great importance to the social and class nature of "human beings," emphasizing the historical and national nature of "rights" theories. The theories of human rights justification under different cultural backgrounds can be summarized into three main cultural paradigms: “transcendental human rights outlook”, “empirical human rights outlook”, and “priori human rights outlook”. In Chinese traditional culture, the “human nature theory” that “sincerity and honesty could make a man only next to heaven and nature” embodies the subject qualifications of human rights. The “world outlook” that “harmony without uniformity could civilize the world” demonstrates the international human rights regulations. In the current era, we need to inherit and carry forward the essence of traditional Chinese culture under the guidance of Marxist theory and build a human rights discourse system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese manner. |
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Key words: human rights justification, transcendental human rights outlook, empirical human rights outlook, priori human rights outlook |
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