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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2015)04-0225-07 |
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嘉庆朝的广开言路与洪亮吉上书事件 |
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常冰霞，冯永明 |
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| 摘 要： 为了打破和珅专擅引发的皇帝失聪、官场疲玩，嘉庆帝在处置和珅后便开启广开言路这一政治信息渠道，试图达到掌控政治信息、调控帝国动态的目的。为了确保信息渠道的机密，皇帝采取了禁抄附稿、道员密奏、条陈封口等诸多措施。洪亮吉的露章条奏以及委托永瑆、朱珪、刘权之代为呈奏，最终触犯了嘉庆帝对信息机密的强调而遭受惩处。于广开言路背景下分析洪亮吉上书事件，可以发现皇帝在此事上前后迥异的态度，并非是对妄言渎奏的总爆发，而是对洪亮吉“言事违例”以及“居心殊不可问”的惩罚。 |
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| 关键词： 广开言路；信息控制；洪亮吉上书事件；言事违例 |
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Encouraging freedom of speech and the throne ofHong Liangji in Jiaqing Dynasty |
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CHANG Bingxia, FENG Yongming |
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（The Institute of Qing History, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;
Management College, The Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China） |
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| Abstract: In order to break the deafness of the emperor and the sluggishness of the officials which resulted from Heshen’s autocracy, the Emperor Jiaqing encouraged the free airing of views after executing Heshen. The purpose of this measure was to control information and regulate imperial trends through this political information channel. In order to ensure the confidentiality and exclusiveness of this channel, Jiaqing took measures such as the forbidden copy of the memorial to the throne, secret memorial of circuit intendant, sealed memorial and so on. Therefore, when Hong Liangji gave the unsealed memorials to Yongxing, Zhugui, Liu Quanzhi and asked them to transmit the information to Jiaqing on his behalf, he eventually violated the principle of confidential information and suffered punishment. By analyzing the framework of information control, we can find that the Emperor’s different attitudes result not from the general outbreak of false statements, but the punishment to Hong Liangji for his “violation of memorial to the throne.” |
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Key words: encouraging freedom of speech; information control; the throne of Hong Liangji; the violation of memorial to the throne |
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