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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2015)04-0053-08 |
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土地确权与国家德性——基于《宪法》第10条的法理分析 |
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王进文 |
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（中南大学法学院，湖南长沙，410083） |
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| 摘 要： 土地问题是中国当前城市化过程中所面临的重要问题。1982年宪法第10条关于土地性质的城乡二元划分之规定，在法律层面上便会产生以下问题：一是城市界限不明确，存在无限扩大的可能性；二是集体土地所有权因行政权力介入而处于不稳定状态，导致基于集体土地成员身份而产生的身份权利保障丧失。所以，必须摒弃土地国有与私有的分析框架，而以土地的财产权利属性为基础，以人地关系为核心，突出身份权利的重要性，充分发挥土地的财产权利属性来弥补其所有权属性的不足，进而构建新的公民身份权利体系，实现国家德性维度的政治合法性和治理现代化。 |
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| 关键词： 土地确权；财产权属性；身份权利；国家德性 |
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Establishing right of the land and the governance of the state |
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WANG Jinwen |
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（School of Law, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China） |
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| Abstract: The dual land system of the urban and rural stipulated by the 10th article of the Constitution of PRC 1982 gives rise to the following results. On the one hand, the city’s boundary is not clear, and there exists the possibility of unlimited expansion. On the other hand, the collective land is in an unstable state because of the involvement of administrative power so that problems occur such as the loss of the owning right of the land. This essay analyses the constitutional change about land ownership from 1954 to 1982, holding that the analytical framework of the state-owned land and private land should be abandoned, that a new one should be based on the property right of the land with person-land relation as the core. In this way, the importance of identity right can be constructed so that the proprietary right of the land can be taken full advantage of to make up for the deficiency of the ownership property, to establish a new system of status right and to actualize the legality and justness of modern governance of the state. |
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Key words: the dual land system; proprietary right; status right; the governance of the state |
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