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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2012)03-0231-06 |
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论晚清“新小说”的文体特征与语体建构 |
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何云涛 |
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（南开大学文学院，天津，300071） |
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| 摘 要： 晚清是社会生活和传统文化经历重大变革的时期，文学观念也随之出现新与旧的交锋，为救亡图存、启迪民智，中国传统白话小说被遴选为最佳政治工具。新小说更多地借鉴了白话小说的语言及其形式，却仅有小说之“名”，而实为混杂文体。因新小说启迪民智的载道功能以及晚清文人根深蒂固的文化积习，虽部分晚清士人理论上力倡白话，新小说语体实际上呈现多语体混杂的状态。在特定的历史语境下, 晚清新小说形成了文言、白话间杂的局面，而文言包括古文、韵文和浅易文言，白话又可细分为古白话、方言和欧化白话，新小说语言实践推动了多语体的变化和融合，从而建构出更具表现力的小说语言体式。 |
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| 关键词： 晚清；“新小说”；古文；白话；方言；多语体 |
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The Relationship between the Literary Style and Language Style of the New Novel in Late Qing |
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HE Yuntao |
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（Chinese Department, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China） |
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| Abstract: Social life and traditional culture in late Qing underwent a major period of changes, and the emergence of new literary concepts clashed with the old. To protect and save the nation, to enlighten the people, the traditional Chinese vernacular novels were selected as the best political tool. The new novel learned more vernacular language and its novel form from Chinese vernacular novels, and the novel’s “name”, in fact mixed styles. To enlighten the people by the new carrier from the new novel and deep-rooted culture tradition of the late Qing’s Intellectuals, although in theory the late Qing’s Intellectuals tried their best to advocate the vernacular, new fiction media was actually showing the status of multi-media mixture. In the specific historical context, the New novels formed the mixed situations between the classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese. The classical Chinese includes the Ancient, rhyme and simple classical Chinese. The Vernacular Chinese can be divided into the ancient vernacular, dialect and Europeanization vernacular, The New novel language promoted changes and fusion of multi-media, and constructed more expressive language style. |
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Key words: The new novel; the classicial Chinese; vemacular Chinese; dialect; multi-media |
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